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Milestones in the history of the psychology of testimony in the international scene

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2010
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The Psychology of Testimony has experienced extraordinary growth in recent decades, but its origins go back more than one hundred years. In this paper, the main milestones that have marked the development of the Psychology of Testimony as a discipline with its own identity in North America and Europe are reviewed. The advancement of scientific psychology, with different paradigm shifts, as well as the shattered relations with the law and social progress in human rights have marked its history. Thus, promising beginnings in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries took place, followed by a time of crisis around the forties and fifties, as a result of the Second World War and the abandonment of the studies on memory by the prevailing research paradigm. Cognitive Psychology and increased demand for psychologists in the administration of justice marked his rebirth in the seventies of the twentieth century. [RESUMEN]En el presente trabajo se recogen los principales hitos que han marcado a lo largo de más de cien años el desarrollo de la Psicología del Testimonio como una disciplina con entidad propia. El avance de la Psicología científica, con los diferentes cambios de paradigma, así como las maltrechas relaciones con el derecho y los avances sociales en derechos humanos han marcado su historia. Así, podemos hablar de un prometedor nacimiento a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, seguido de una época de crisis en torno a los años cuarenta y cincuenta, como consecuencia de la II Guerra Mundial y del abandono de los estudios sobre la memoria por el paradigma de investigación imperante. La Psicología cognitiva y el incremento de la demanda de psicólogos en la administración de justicia supuso su renacimiento.
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