Publication: Producción de un videojuego multijugador en Unity combinando los géneros MOBA y RTS : ingeniería del software y diseño de videojuegos
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2014
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Abstract
A lo largo de los últimos años, la industria de los videojuegos ha experimentado un impresionante crecimiento, llegando su facturación a superar en 2008 a la de la industria del cine y la música juntas. España es además el cuarto país europeo con más consumo de este
tipo de entretenimiento y el sexto a nivel mundial.
Existe un género del videojuego que ha tenido mucho éxito desde principios de la década de los 90. Se conoce como RTS (siglas del inglés Real Time Strategy) o juego de
estrategia en tiempo real. De este género, nació a su vez otro que ha cobrado popularidad en los últimos años. Se denomina MOBA (siglas del inglés Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) o campo de batalla multijugador en línea. El éxito del MOBA es fruto de un sistema de juego competitivo, muy directo y de acción continua, donde se controla un héroe que evoluciona en niveles y habilidades. Por el contrario
el más tradicional RTS ha gozado de popularidad debido a la capacidad de gestionar, administrar y dirigir un ejército con numerosos tipos de unidades y edificios, dejando a
voluntad del jugador la forma de hacerlo evolucionar. El proyecto que se presenta aquí fusiona estos dos modos de juego en una misma obra, haciendo uso de una jugabilidad asimétrica, esto es, combinando las jugabilidades de ambos
géneros, sin modificar sus mecánicas. Se trata de un proyecto muy ambicioso, para el cual se ha tenido que realizar un estudio previo del estado del arte para confirmar su viabilidad. En cuanto a la organización, se ha dividido en distintas tareas clasificadas mediante una
EDT (Estructura de Desarrollo de Trabajo) y para llevarlas a cabo se ha usado la metodología scrum, debido a que es la más utilizada a la hora de desarrollar videojuegos. Además, para estimar el tiempo de cada tarea se ha usado una planificación a largo plazo, así como un diagrama Burndown Chart. Otro de los aspectos importantes ha sido la especificación y diseño del juego, de modo que la experiencia del juego sea lo más divertida posible. Esto implica cuidar mucho el diseño del mapa, así como el diseño del software para que sea lo más modular posible y admita todas las mecánicas en las que queremos que se involucre el jugador. El equipo de trabajo ha estado formado por tres alumnos del Grado en Desarrollo de Videojuegos de ESNE, encargados de apartado artístico del videojuego, y seis alumnos de Ingeniería Informática de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, responsables de llevar la
producción, el diseño y la programación del mismo. Estos últimos están a su vez divididos en dos grupos de tres personas que se han dedicado a documentar las diferentes facetas del proyecto en dos memorias separadas. Esta memoria corresponde a los apartados de Ingeniería del Software y Diseño de Juego, mientras que para la otra memoria complementaria se dejan los aspectos tecnológicos y de implementación (memoria del mismo título con subtítulo
Tecnología e Implementación (Gálvez Ruiz, Miranda Esteban, & Monasterio Martín)).
Over the last years, the video game industry has experienced a great growth, exceeding in 2008 the turnover over the sum of the cinema and music industry. Spain is the fourth country in consumption of electronic entertainment. There is a genre of videogame that has been very successful since the beginning of decade of 90. It is known as RTS (Real Time Strategy), and this genre resulted in another genre that has gained much popularity in last years. It is called MOBA (Multuplayer Online Battle Arena). The success of MOBA is the result of a competitive game, very direct and with continuous action, where the player controls a hero that evolves in levels and skills. The RTS genre has so succeed due to the ability of handling, managing and commanding an army with different kinds of units and buildings, letting the player advance in the match as he wants. The project which presents here joins both game modes in a same videogame using an asymmetric playing. It combines, but does not mix both genres. It is an ambicious project, therefore a preliminary market study was necessary to make sure it is viable. Refering to organization, the project split in different tasks classified in a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) and to do that it has been necessary to use the scrum metholodogy (wich is very used in videogames development). Besides, to estimate the length of each task, it has been used a long planification and a Burndown Chart. Other important features has been the specification and game design, because the game experience has to be as fun as possible. It has been important the map design and the software design to make a modular structure. The work team has been integrated by three students of Videogame Design and Development at ESNE, who have worked as graphic designers and six students of Computer Science Faculty at Complutense University of Madrid, who have worked in the production, the design and the development of this project. This team of developers has been divided in two groups both integrated by three people, who have documented different parts of the project in two different handbooks, one of them is this one; another one is titled as Tecnología e Implementación (Gálvez Ruiz, Miranda Esteban, & Monasterio Martín).
Over the last years, the video game industry has experienced a great growth, exceeding in 2008 the turnover over the sum of the cinema and music industry. Spain is the fourth country in consumption of electronic entertainment. There is a genre of videogame that has been very successful since the beginning of decade of 90. It is known as RTS (Real Time Strategy), and this genre resulted in another genre that has gained much popularity in last years. It is called MOBA (Multuplayer Online Battle Arena). The success of MOBA is the result of a competitive game, very direct and with continuous action, where the player controls a hero that evolves in levels and skills. The RTS genre has so succeed due to the ability of handling, managing and commanding an army with different kinds of units and buildings, letting the player advance in the match as he wants. The project which presents here joins both game modes in a same videogame using an asymmetric playing. It combines, but does not mix both genres. It is an ambicious project, therefore a preliminary market study was necessary to make sure it is viable. Refering to organization, the project split in different tasks classified in a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) and to do that it has been necessary to use the scrum metholodogy (wich is very used in videogames development). Besides, to estimate the length of each task, it has been used a long planification and a Burndown Chart. Other important features has been the specification and game design, because the game experience has to be as fun as possible. It has been important the map design and the software design to make a modular structure. The work team has been integrated by three students of Videogame Design and Development at ESNE, who have worked as graphic designers and six students of Computer Science Faculty at Complutense University of Madrid, who have worked in the production, the design and the development of this project. This team of developers has been divided in two groups both integrated by three people, who have documented different parts of the project in two different handbooks, one of them is this one; another one is titled as Tecnología e Implementación (Gálvez Ruiz, Miranda Esteban, & Monasterio Martín).
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Proyecto de Sistemas Informáticos (Facultad de Informática, Curso 2013-2014)