Publication: Spinoza: el hereje que labró en la penumbra los cristales
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2014-06
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Universidad de Málaga
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El filósofo Baruch Spinoza procede de una familia sefardí que tras huir desde España a Portugal acaba huyendo a Holanda en donde está floreciendo una cultura religiosa más tolerante que en otras naciones europeas. A pesar de todo el ambiente seguía siendo hostil a la independencia de pensamiento que profesaba Spinoza. Expulsado de la sinagoga trabajó sin descanso puliendo lentes cuya venta le proporcionaba independencia económica. Alumbró un manuscrito, la Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata, cargado de infinito –dice Borges- labrando a Dios con geometría delicada que no pudo publicarse hasta la muerte de su autor. Su pensamiento fue considerado por algunos autores como obsceno, monstruoso y sacrílego, y tendrán que pasar dos siglos antes de que aparezca otro libro, El origen de las especies de Darwin, capaz de suscitar tanta cólera e irritación. Su pensamiento ha permitido el desarrollo de la actual idea de Dios en el mundo moderno. La obra de Spinoza sigue teniendo interés en el ámbito de las neurociencias, por el modo en que estudia problemas como el libre albedrio o la moralidad como fenómeno universal. Otro ejemplo lo tenemos en los estudios sobre el afecto de Damasio o en la descripción de la interacción entre estados emocionales opuestos, anticipándose a algunos trabajos de Pavlov y Konorski. Es el Dios de Spinoza, el que ha permitido el libre pensamiento y con él, después de Galileo pero antes que llegaran Darwin o Cajal, ha unido para siempre al hombre con la naturaleza a través de la Ciencia.
The philosopher Baruch Spinoza comes from a Sephardic family which after fleeing from Spain to Portugal, finally settled in Holland where flourished a more tolerant religious culture than in other European countries. Even so his cultural environment remained hostile to freedom of thought that professed Spinoza. At a young age he was expelled from the synagogue. He worked tirelessly carving lenses which he sold and this craft gave him financial independence. He bore a manuscript loaded of infinite, as Borges says, the Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata, carving God with delicate geometry. The book was published only after the death of its author. His thought was considered by some of his contemporaries as obscene, monstrous and sacrilegious, and it would have to pass two centuries before it appeared other book, Darwin's The Origin of Species, able to attract so much anger and irritation. Spinoza's work still has an interest in the field of neuroscience because of the way it addresses issues such as the free will or morality as a universal phenomenon. Another example comes from the research on the feelings by Damasio or by the description of the interaction between opposite emotional states, anticipating some studies of Pavlov and Konorski. His thought has allowed the development of the modern idea of God in today's world. In fact, the God of Spinoza has allowed us a free religious thought. Through his work, after Galileo but before the arrival of Darwin's or Cajal ideas, man has teamed forever with nature through science.
The philosopher Baruch Spinoza comes from a Sephardic family which after fleeing from Spain to Portugal, finally settled in Holland where flourished a more tolerant religious culture than in other European countries. Even so his cultural environment remained hostile to freedom of thought that professed Spinoza. At a young age he was expelled from the synagogue. He worked tirelessly carving lenses which he sold and this craft gave him financial independence. He bore a manuscript loaded of infinite, as Borges says, the Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata, carving God with delicate geometry. The book was published only after the death of its author. His thought was considered by some of his contemporaries as obscene, monstrous and sacrilegious, and it would have to pass two centuries before it appeared other book, Darwin's The Origin of Species, able to attract so much anger and irritation. Spinoza's work still has an interest in the field of neuroscience because of the way it addresses issues such as the free will or morality as a universal phenomenon. Another example comes from the research on the feelings by Damasio or by the description of the interaction between opposite emotional states, anticipating some studies of Pavlov and Konorski. His thought has allowed the development of the modern idea of God in today's world. In fact, the God of Spinoza has allowed us a free religious thought. Through his work, after Galileo but before the arrival of Darwin's or Cajal ideas, man has teamed forever with nature through science.
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