Publication: Análisis integrado de la topografía y anomalías graviméticas en modelación análoga: un modelo de evolución del relieve en la Península Ibérica
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Publication Date
2011
Authors
Fernández-Lozano, Javier
Sokoutis, Dimitrios
Willingshofer, Erns
Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo de
Cloetingh1, Sierd
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Sociedad Geológica de España
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Abstract
El análisis integrado de la topografía y las anomalías gravimétricas en la Península Ibérica invoca a la presencia de grandes pliegues que afectan a toda la litosfera como precursores de los relieves E-O a NE-SO que se distribuyen por el Macizo Varisco, así como a un mecanismo de engrosamiento cortical nucleado a partir de fallas Tardi-Variscas, como origen del relieve del este peninsular (Cadena Ibérica-Costero Catalana), con patrones dominantes E-O, NE-SO y NO-SE. El modo de deformación, así como el estilo, dependen tanto de las propiedades reológicas iniciales de una litosfera a otra (litosfera resistente Varisca hacia el oeste peninsular/litosfera débil y caliente resultado de la extensión Mesozoica hacia el este) como a los accidentes tectónicos pre-existentes. Presentamos una nueva metodología aplicada a la modelación análoga, basada en el estudio del espectro de las anomalías gravimétricas y la topografía que nos han permitido inferir los procesos responsables de la asimetría en el patrón del relieve intra-placa de la Península Ibérica. A su vez, nuestros resultados arrojan luz sobre los mecanismos generadores del relieve en zonas de intra-placa donde la escasez o falta de resolución de los perfiles sísmicos y geomagnéticos impide la interpretación de la parte más profunda de la litosfera como Asia Central o los Atlas del norte de África.
The integrated analysis of topography and gravity anomalies carried out in the Iberian Peninsula invokes to the presence of large-scale folds affecting the entire lithosphere. Such folds are the precursors of E-W to NE-SO reliefs distributed along the Variscan Massif, meanwhile a mechanism of crustal thickening nucleated along Late-Variscan faults can influence the topographic pattern in the eastern part of Iberia (Iberian Range-Costero Catalan Ranges) characterised by E-W, NE-SW and NW-SE trends. The mechanism of deformation as well as the style depends on the initial rheological properties from one lithosphere to another (strong and cold Variscan lithosphere to the west and a relative weak and hot lithosphere affected by the Mesozoic extension to the east) and influenced by pre-existent faults. We present a new approach based on the spectral analyses of topography and gravity over the analogue modelling results that can help to infer the responsible mechanisms for the observed intra-plate relief asymmetry in Iberia. Our results enhance the study of other areas within plate interiors like Central Asia or the Atlas in northern Africa, where the lack of data or resolution from deep seismic profiles or geomagnetics may hamper the interpretation of the lithosphere in depth.
The integrated analysis of topography and gravity anomalies carried out in the Iberian Peninsula invokes to the presence of large-scale folds affecting the entire lithosphere. Such folds are the precursors of E-W to NE-SO reliefs distributed along the Variscan Massif, meanwhile a mechanism of crustal thickening nucleated along Late-Variscan faults can influence the topographic pattern in the eastern part of Iberia (Iberian Range-Costero Catalan Ranges) characterised by E-W, NE-SW and NW-SE trends. The mechanism of deformation as well as the style depends on the initial rheological properties from one lithosphere to another (strong and cold Variscan lithosphere to the west and a relative weak and hot lithosphere affected by the Mesozoic extension to the east) and influenced by pre-existent faults. We present a new approach based on the spectral analyses of topography and gravity over the analogue modelling results that can help to infer the responsible mechanisms for the observed intra-plate relief asymmetry in Iberia. Our results enhance the study of other areas within plate interiors like Central Asia or the Atlas in northern Africa, where the lack of data or resolution from deep seismic profiles or geomagnetics may hamper the interpretation of the lithosphere in depth.