Publication: Las superficies de erosión neógenas en la zona de transición entre la Cordillera Ibérica y el Sistema Central (Guadalajara, España)
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2010
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Abstract
La cartografía geomorfológica en la zona de transición entre el Sistema Central y la Cordillera Ibérica ha permitido identificar cuatro superficies de erosión, comunes en ambos orógenos. La génesis de estas superficies está relacionada con las unidades sedimentarias cenozoicas de la Cuenca de Madrid, especialmente con los sistemas de piedemonte localizados en el borde sur del Sistema Central. La superficie SE1 enlaza con un reducido afloramientos de gravas y bloques cuarcíticos, apoyados sobre un perfil de alteración en gneises. La segunda superficie (SE2), forma
parameras en la Cordillera Ibérica y pediments en el Sistema Central, que conectan con un glacis con depósitos más antiguos que la unidad ocre del Turoliense superior. Por lo tanto, esta superficie se relaciona con la Unidad Intermedia, probablemente con sedimentos del Aragoniense superior, anteriores a deformaciones de dirección NE-SO que afectan a la superficie. La tercera superficie (SE3), está
deformada en menor medida y su elaboración final está asociada con un glacis (Superficie de la Mierla, 1046 msnm), cuyos depósitos se apoyan discordantes sobre dicha unidad ocre y probablemente son equivalentes al desarrollo de la Superficie Poligénica del Páramo durante el Turoliense superior-Rusciniense. La superficie más reciente (SE4), conecta con un cuarto glacis del Plioceno, donde se encajan las primeras terrazas fluviales.
The geomorphological mapping in the transition zone between the Central System and the Iberian Chain has allowed us to identify four planation surfaces, commons in both orogens. The genesis of these surfaces is closely related to the Cenozoic sedimentary units of the Madrid Basin, specially to the piedmont systems located in Central System margin. The oldest surface, or SE1, is located at the same morphological level that a little outcrop of gravels and blocks, burying a weathering mantle developed in gneisses. The second planation surface (SE2), forms parameras in the Iberian Chain and pediments in the Central System, connecting with a well-preserved glacis developed on piedmont deposits older than Turolian sediments (Upper Neogene Unit). Consequently, this surface is related to the Intermediate Unit, probably with Upper Aragonian sediments, previous to the deformation processes which caused NE-SO antiforms and synforms in the surface (Guadarrama direction). The third surface is deformed in lesser degree and shows a closely association with Upper Turolian sediments. However, the current morphology of the surface is associated with a glacis (La Mierla Surface, 1046 m asl), whose deposits are overlying Upper Turolian sediments and which are probably equivalents to the development of the Páramo erosional surface during the Upper-Turolian-Ruscinian. The youngest planation surface consist mainly of facets preserved in the slope valleys and connects with a four glacis of Pliocene age, which is located over the first fluvial terraces.
The geomorphological mapping in the transition zone between the Central System and the Iberian Chain has allowed us to identify four planation surfaces, commons in both orogens. The genesis of these surfaces is closely related to the Cenozoic sedimentary units of the Madrid Basin, specially to the piedmont systems located in Central System margin. The oldest surface, or SE1, is located at the same morphological level that a little outcrop of gravels and blocks, burying a weathering mantle developed in gneisses. The second planation surface (SE2), forms parameras in the Iberian Chain and pediments in the Central System, connecting with a well-preserved glacis developed on piedmont deposits older than Turolian sediments (Upper Neogene Unit). Consequently, this surface is related to the Intermediate Unit, probably with Upper Aragonian sediments, previous to the deformation processes which caused NE-SO antiforms and synforms in the surface (Guadarrama direction). The third surface is deformed in lesser degree and shows a closely association with Upper Turolian sediments. However, the current morphology of the surface is associated with a glacis (La Mierla Surface, 1046 m asl), whose deposits are overlying Upper Turolian sediments and which are probably equivalents to the development of the Páramo erosional surface during the Upper-Turolian-Ruscinian. The youngest planation surface consist mainly of facets preserved in the slope valleys and connects with a four glacis of Pliocene age, which is located over the first fluvial terraces.