Publication: Impacto de la revistas médicas en la prensa generalista internacional: análisis de citas y comunicados de prensa
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2015-01-21
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Del mismo modo que el impacto científico de las revistas médicas se mide mediante las citas en las publicaciones indexadas, se plantea medir el impacto mediático de estas revistas mediante el recuento de citas en la prensa generalista. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de las citas periodísticas recibidas por las cinco principales revistas médicas (The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, JAMA, BMJ y Annals of Internal Medicine) en 31 diarios generalistas de 14 países durante 5 años (2008-2012). Para estudiar la variabilidad del impacto en la prensa, se analizan las citas periodísticas en relación con cuatro variables: la difusión de los periódicos, el impacto científico de las revistas (número de citas en el JCR o Journal of Citations Reports), la nacionalidad de los autores de los artículos publicados en dichas revistas y la disponibilidad de comunicados de prensa. El estudio muestra una intensa asociación de las citas periodísticas con las cuatro variables y revela que el impacto de las revistas médicas en la prensa se correlaciona más intensamente con la disponibilidad de comunicados de prensa que con su impacto científico (número de citas en el JCR). Se realiza también un análisis de la evolución de los comunicados de prensa sobre las cinco revistas durante 16 años (1997-2012) y de la evolución de las citas periodísticas de las cinco revistas en cuatro diarios durante el mismo periodo. Esta tesis estudia también el flujo de información de los investigadores y los artículos biomédicos a los periodistas, el papel de las revistas médicas y los comunicados de prensa en la elaboración de una noticia, y las deficiencias del periodismo médico. El análisis de contenido de las informaciones publicadas en el diario El País (2005-2011) en las que se cita alguna de las cinco revistas confirma algunas de estas deficiencias.
Just as the scientific impact of medical journals is measured by citations in peer-reviewed articles, this research intends to estimate the impact of medical journals in the media by counting citations in the lay press. To do this, an analysis of press citations of the five major medical journals (The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, JAMA, BMJ and Annals of Internal Medicine) was performed in 31 general newspapers from 14 countries over 5 years (2008-2012). To study the variability of the impact of medical journals in general newspapers, press citations were analyzed in relation to four variables: newspaper circulation, scientific impact of medical journals (number of citations in the JCR or Journal Citations Reports), nationality of authors of articles published in these journals, and press release availability. The study shows a strong association of press citations to all four variables, and reveals that media impact of medical journals correlates more strongly with press releases availability than with scientific impact (number of citations in JCR). Analysis of both the evolution of press releases of the five medical journals and the evolution of press citations in four newspapers were also performed for 1997-2012 period. This thesis also evaluates the information flow from biomedical researchers and articles to journalists, the role of medical journals and press releases in medical stories, and the main deficiencies of medical journalism. The content analysis of articles from El País newspaper (2005-2011) that mention any of the five major medical journals confirms some of these deficiencies.
Just as the scientific impact of medical journals is measured by citations in peer-reviewed articles, this research intends to estimate the impact of medical journals in the media by counting citations in the lay press. To do this, an analysis of press citations of the five major medical journals (The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, JAMA, BMJ and Annals of Internal Medicine) was performed in 31 general newspapers from 14 countries over 5 years (2008-2012). To study the variability of the impact of medical journals in general newspapers, press citations were analyzed in relation to four variables: newspaper circulation, scientific impact of medical journals (number of citations in the JCR or Journal Citations Reports), nationality of authors of articles published in these journals, and press release availability. The study shows a strong association of press citations to all four variables, and reveals that media impact of medical journals correlates more strongly with press releases availability than with scientific impact (number of citations in JCR). Analysis of both the evolution of press releases of the five medical journals and the evolution of press citations in four newspapers were also performed for 1997-2012 period. This thesis also evaluates the information flow from biomedical researchers and articles to journalists, the role of medical journals and press releases in medical stories, and the main deficiencies of medical journalism. The content analysis of articles from El País newspaper (2005-2011) that mention any of the five major medical journals confirms some of these deficiencies.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia, leída el 18/03/2014