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Evaluating the credibility of statements given by persons with intellectual disability

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http://revistas.um.es/analesps/article/view/analesps.31.1.166571
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2015-01
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Editorial Universidad de Murcia
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The objective of this study was to analyze the features that dis-tinguish statements given by actual and simulated victims with mild to moderate intellectual disability, using the credibility analysis procedure known as Reality Monitoring (RM). Two evaluators trained in credibility analysis procedures using content criteria evaluated 13 true statements and 16 false statements. The results obtained show that there is little difference between the two types of statements when analyzed on the basis of content criteria using the RM procedure. The only criteria that proved to be signifi-cant for discriminating between the two types of statements were the amount of details and the length of spontaneous statements obtained through free recall. None of the phenomenological characteristics studied turned out to be significant for discriminating between actual and simulat-ed victims. Graphic representation using high-dimensional visualization (HDV) with all criteria taken into consideration shows that the two types of statements are quite heterogeneous. Cluster analysis can group cases with a 68.75% chance of accuracy.
El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en analizar las caracte-rísticas diferenciales de los relatos emitidos por víctimas reales y simuladas con discapacidad intelectual ligera y moderada mediante el procedimiento de análisis de credibilidad de Control de la Realidad (RM). Dos evaluadores entrenados en los procedimientos de análisis de credibilidad mediante crite-rios de contenido evaluaron 13 relatos verdaderos y 16 relatos falsos. Los resultados encontrados muestran que existen pocas diferencias entre los dos tipos de relatos. Los únicos criterios que resultan significativos para discriminar entre los dos tipos de relatos son la cantidad de detalles y la longitud de las declaraciones espontáneas obtenidas mediante recuerdo li-bre. Ninguna de las características fenomenológicas examinadas resultó sig-nificativa para discriminar entre víctimas reales y simuladas. La representa-ción gráfica mediante visualización hiperdimensional (HDV) considerando conjuntamente todos los criterios muestra una gran heterogeneidad entre relatos. Un análisis de conglomerados permitió clasificar los dos tipos de re-latos con una probabilidad de acierto del 68.75 por ciento.
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Psicología cognitiva , Psicología legal , Percepción , Discapacidad
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6104.01 Procesos Cognitivos , 6106.09 Procesos de Percepción , 6310.05 Minusválidos
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/33806
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