Publication: La norma informal de empleo y el deterioro de la condición de ciudadanía: El caso de la industria del calzado en Elda, Alicante
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2014-09
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Abstract
Desde finales de los años setenta numerosos sectores de diversas regiones geográficas han desarrollado una estrategia integral de reducción de costes para mantener su posición competitiva en las redes de la economía global. Uno de los puntos que han incluido estas estrategias de desarrollo ha sido la flexibilización de las condiciones de trabajo. En muchas ocasiones, llevando al extremo su propia lógica, la flexibilización ha conducido a una informalización generalizada de la actividad económica y del empleo como estrategia de competitividad. La extensión de la informalidad y la temporalidad del empleo en un sector no solo implica en sí misma el deterioro de los derechos laborales sino que además impide acceder a otro tipo de derechos socioeconómicos (prestación por desempleo, jubilación, sanidad; entre otros) con lo que se produce un deterioro de la condición de ciudadanía. Este artículo propone describir los principales rasgos de la norma informal de empleo que se ha configurado en el sector del calzado para indicar que tales condiciones de trabajo representan, por sí mismas, un deterioro de la condición de ciudadanía. El artículo se basa en una investigación del sector del calzado en Elda, Alicante (España).
Since the late seventies many economic sectors from different geographic regions have developed a comprehensive strategy to reduce costs in order to stay competitive in the global economy networks. Flexibility of working conditions is one of the points that these development strategies have included over the years. In many cases, leading to an extreme their own logic, flexibility has led to a widespread informalisation of economic activity and of employment as a competitive strategy. The spread of informality and temporary employment in a sector not only imply itself the deterioration of labor rights but also prevents access to other socioeconomic rights (unemployment benefit, retirement, health, etc.) and thus the deterioration in the condition of citizenship. This article aims to describe the main features of the informal norm of employment that has been set in the footwear sector to indicate that such working conditions represent a deterioration of the condition of citizenship. The article is based on research in the footwear industry in Elda, Alicante (Spain).
Since the late seventies many economic sectors from different geographic regions have developed a comprehensive strategy to reduce costs in order to stay competitive in the global economy networks. Flexibility of working conditions is one of the points that these development strategies have included over the years. In many cases, leading to an extreme their own logic, flexibility has led to a widespread informalisation of economic activity and of employment as a competitive strategy. The spread of informality and temporary employment in a sector not only imply itself the deterioration of labor rights but also prevents access to other socioeconomic rights (unemployment benefit, retirement, health, etc.) and thus the deterioration in the condition of citizenship. This article aims to describe the main features of the informal norm of employment that has been set in the footwear sector to indicate that such working conditions represent a deterioration of the condition of citizenship. The article is based on research in the footwear industry in Elda, Alicante (Spain).