Publication: La influencia de la reforma protestante en el Derecho
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2012
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Abstract
La influencia de la Reforma protestante favoreció una evolución del Derecho hacia el individualismo. En el ámbito del Derecho privado, puede apreciarse con especial claridad en la institución del matrimonio. En el ámbito del Derecho público, ha favorecido más bien la tendencia al fortalecimiento de quien en cada momento histórico es el titular del poder público: el señor territorial o los poderes públicos, según el momento histórico, ya que no hay para estos titulares un límite a su poder en el Ius divinum. Además, al negarse el carácter jurídico del Derecho confesional, tampoco tiene el poder secular el límite de una institución independiente del Estado, con un Derecho y una jurisdicción propios. En la medida en que el movimiento reformador supuso alteraciones en el orden político, trajo también consigo importantes aportaciones para el funcionamiento de las instituciones de Derecho público como los principios de amicabilis compositio, de paridad y de tolerancia, o el concepto de “encargo público de las Iglesias.
The influence of the Protestan Reformation favored a law evolution towards individualism. It can be appreciated in the area of private law and particularly clearly on the institution of marriage. Public law has rather favored the tendency of strengthening those who in each historical moment were the titular of public power: the territorial lordships or the public powers, depending on each historical moment, as there is not a limit to their power in the Ius divinum. Besides, by refusing the legal status of the confessional law, the secular power has not either the limit of an independent institution of the State with a law and jurisdiction of its own. To the extent that the reformer movement led to changes in the political order, it also brought important contributions to the functioning of the institutions of public law (principles of amicabilis composition, parity, tolerance, concept of “public commission of the churches”).
The influence of the Protestan Reformation favored a law evolution towards individualism. It can be appreciated in the area of private law and particularly clearly on the institution of marriage. Public law has rather favored the tendency of strengthening those who in each historical moment were the titular of public power: the territorial lordships or the public powers, depending on each historical moment, as there is not a limit to their power in the Ius divinum. Besides, by refusing the legal status of the confessional law, the secular power has not either the limit of an independent institution of the State with a law and jurisdiction of its own. To the extent that the reformer movement led to changes in the political order, it also brought important contributions to the functioning of the institutions of public law (principles of amicabilis composition, parity, tolerance, concept of “public commission of the churches”).