Publication: The pioneering research of Justo Gonzalo (1910–1986) on brain dynamics
Loading...
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2015
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
This work is the English translation of an extract from the pioneering research of Justo Gonzalo (1910–1986) on brain dynamics. This is an article published in Spanish in the scientific journal ‘Trabajos del Instituto Cajal de Investigaciones Biológicas’, Vol. XLIV, pp. 95-157 (1952), and entitled Human brain functions according to new data and physiological basis. An introduction to the studies conducted on brain dynamics in its English version. As his author pointed out there, the article is a brief summary of the extensive preceding work ‘Dinámica Cerebral´, Volume 1 (1945) (English translation, Open Access at: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/63730/), Volume 2 (1950) (English translation, Open Access at: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/72118/), and also includes original work performed later (from Sec. 7 of the article), as a cortical gradients model.
From the study of patients with unilateral lesion in the parieto-occipital cortex, J. Gonzalo characterized what he called the central syndrome of the cortex, a multisensory, bilateral and symmetric affection presenting dynamic phenomena dependent on the intensity of the stimulus, such as the separation of sensory qualities united in normal perception, noticeable facilitation by motor and cross-modal effects, and tilted or inverted perception, among other disorders. He interpreted these phenomena under a dynamic physiological concept, and from a model based on functional gradients through the cortex and scaling laws of dynamical systems, thus highlighting the functional unity of the cortex and offering a dynamic solution to the traditional theory of brain function localization.
In the 2000s, phenomena (related to multisensory integration, inverted vision) have been reported and models have been proposed in close relation to this research. In particular, brain gradients are a hot topic. Therefore, this research is of relevant current interest.
A preface introduces some aspects of the translated article, its author and his research, including several references. It is followed by the translated article.
Description
This paper includes the English translation of the article: Gonzalo J. (1952) "Human brain functions according to new data and physiological bases. An introduction to the studies of Cerebral Dynamics". Published in `Trabajos del Instituto Cajal de Investigaciones Biológicas', XLIV: pp. 95-157. The article in Spanish was also published as Supplement I, in the facsimile edition : Gonzalo J. (2010) "Dinámica Cerebral", Red Temática en Tecnologías de Computación Artificial/Natural (RTNAC) and University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) 2010. ISBN 978-84-9887-458-7, Open Access at http://dspace.usc.es/handle/10347/4341.
The translation of the article is preceded by a preface with references.
The article is closely related to the book `Dinámica Cerebral´ (Brain Dynamics), Volume 1 (1945) (English translation, Open Access at: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/63730/), Volume 2 (1950) (English translation, Open Access at: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/72118/)
UCM subjects
Unesco subjects
Keywords
Citation
[1] Gonzalo J. (1952), Las funciones cerebrales humanas según nuevos datos y bases fisiológicas. Una introducción a los estudios de Dinámica Cerebral. Trabajos del Instituto Cajal de Investigaciones Biológicas, XLIV: pp. 95–157. Included in the facsimil edition in Spanish (see [2]) as ‘Suplemento I’. English translation in this document.
[2] Gonzalo J. (2010), “Dinámica Cerebral”. Edición facsímil con suplementos. Volumen 1 (1945), Volumen 2 (1950), Artículo 1952 (Suplemento I), Suplemento II (1ª ed.), Santiago de Compostela: Red Temática en Tecnologías de Computación Artificial/Natural (RTNAC) y Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC) 2010. ISBN 978-84-9887-458-7. (Spanish edition). Open Access at: http://hdl.handle.net/10347/4341
[3] Gonzalo J. (1945), “Dinámica Cerebral. La actividad cerebral en función de las condiciones dinámicas de la excitabilidad nerviosa”. Volumen 1: pp. 1–392. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto S. Ramón y Cajal, 1945. (Included in the facsimile edition in Spanish [2]). English translation, Open Access at: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/63730/
[4] Gonzalo J. (1950), “Dinámica Cerebral. La actividad cerebral en función de las condiciones dinámicas de la excitabilidad nerviosa”. Volumen 2: pp. 393–827. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto S. Ramón y Cajal, 1950. (Included in the facsimile edition in Spanish [2]). English translation, Open Access at: https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/72118/
[5] Gonzalo, J. (1951). La cerebración sensorial y el desarrollo espiral. Trabajos del Inst. Cajal de Investigaciones Biológicas, XLIII: pp. 209–260.
[6] Gonzalo, I. (1997). Allometry in the J. Gonzalo’s model of the sensorial cortex. Lecture Notes in Computer. Science. (LNCS) 1240: 169, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0032475 . Gonzalo, I (1999). Spatial Inversion and Facilitation in the J. Gonzalo’s Research of the Sensorial Cortex. Integrative Aspects. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNCS) 1606: 94103, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0098164 . Gonzalo, I.; Porras, M.A. (2001). Time-dispersive effects in the J. Gonzalo’s research on cerebral dynamics. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNCS) 2084: 150, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45720-8_18 . Gonzalo, I.; Porras, M.A. (2003). Intersensorial summation as a nonlinear contribution to cerebral excitation. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNCS) 2686: 94, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44868-3_13 . Gonzalo, I.; Porras, M.A. (2007). Physiological Laws of Sensory Visual System in Relation to Scaling Power Laws in Biological Neural Networks. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNTCS) 4527: 96, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73053-8_10
[7] Gonzalo I. (2007), Inverted or tilted perception disorder. Rev. Neurol. 44(3): 157: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6518309_Inverted_or_tilted_perception_disorder . Gonzalo I. (2009), Functional gradients through the cortex, multisensory integration and scaling laws in brain dynamics. Neurocomputing 72: 831, OA: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2008.04.055
[8] Gonzalo, I.; Porras, M.A. (2009). Scaling Power Laws in the Restoration of Perception with Increasing Stimulus in Deficitary Natural Neural Network. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNTCS) 5601: 174, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02264-7_19 . Gonzalo, I.; Porras, M.A. (2011). Scaling Effects in Crossmodal Improvement of Visual Perception. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNTCS) 6687: 267, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21326-7_29 . Gonzalo, I.; Porras, M.A. (2013). Scaling effects in crossmodal improvement of visual perception by motor system stimulus. Neurocomputing 114: 76, OA: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2012.06.047 . Gonzalo I.; Porras, M.A. (2013). Deficitary nervous excitability and subjective contraction of time: Time-dispersive model. Lect. Not. Comp. Sci. (LNTCS) 7930: 368, OA: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38637-4_38
[9] Gonzalo I., Porras M.A. (2014), Nervous excitability dynamics in a multisensory syndrome and its similitude with a normal state. Scaling Laws. In: Costa, A.; Villalba, E. (Eds.) Horizons in Neuroscience Vol. 13: Chap.10, pp. 161–189. OA at: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2006.01666
and also at: https://novapublishers.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/978-1-62948-426-6_ch10.pdf
[10] Mira J., Delgado A.E. (2003), Neural modeling in cerebral dynamics. BioSystems 71:133, OA: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0303-2647(03)00121-7 .
[11] Flourens M.J.P. (1824), Recherches Experimentales sur les Propiétés et les Fonctions du Système Nerveux dans les Animaux Vértebrés. Paris: Chevol 1924.
[12] Lapicque L. (1926), L’excitabilité en function du temps. Press Universitaires, Paris 1926. Lapicque L. (1937), L’isochronisme comme condition intercellulaire de l’excitation. Compt. Rend., 205: 530–534.
[13] Pavlov I. P. (1927), Conditioned Reflexes: An Investigation of the Physiological Activity of the Cerebral Cortex. Anrep G. V. (Transl. and Ed.). London: Oxford Univ. Press 1927.
[14] Jackson, J. H. (1874), On the nature of the duality of the brain, Medical Press and Circular 1, 19, 41-63, London 1874. Jackson, J. H. (1874), The Croonian lectures on evolution and dissolution of the nervous system. Br. Med. J., 1: 591–593, 660–663, 703–707.
[15] Monakow C. von (1914), Die lokalisation im Grosshirn und der Abbau der Funktion durch kortikale Herde. Wiesbaden: Bergmann 1914.
[16] Lashley K.S. (1929), Brain mechanisms and Intelligence: A Quantitative Study of Injuries to the Brain. Chicago, Illinois: The Univ. Chicago Press 1929. Lashley K.S. (1937), Functional determinants of localization. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 38: 371–387.
[17] Lissauer H. (1890), Ein Fall von Seelenblindheit nebst einem Beitrag zur Theorie derselben. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 21: 222–270. Poppelreuter W. (1923), Zur Psychologie und Pathologie der optischen Wahrnehmung. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 83: 26-152.
[18] Goldstein K., Gelb A. (1918), Psychologische Analysen hirnpathologischer Fälle auf Grund von Untersuchungen Hirnverletzer. I. Abhandlung: Zur Psychologie des optischen Wahrnehmungs und Erkennungsvorganges. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 41: 1–142. Goldstein K., Gelb A. (1919), Psychologische Analysen hirnpathologischer Fälle auf Grund von Untersuchungen Hirnverletzter. II. Abhandlung: Über den Einfluss des vollständigen Verlustes des optischen Vorstellungs vermögens auf das taktile Erkennen. Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Psychologie der taktilen Raumwahrnehmung und der Bewegungsvorstellungen. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 83: 157–250.
[19] Gelb A. (1920), Über den Wegfall der Wahrnehmung von Oberflächenfarben. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 84: 193–258.
[20] Gelb A., Goldstein K. (1922), Psychologische Analysen hirnpathologischer Fälle auf Grund von Untersuchungen Hirnverletzter: VII. Über Gesichtsfeldbefunde bei abnormer “Ermüdbarkeit” des Auges (sog. “Ringskotome”). Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für Ophthalmologie. (Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology), 109: 387–403.
[21] Goldstein K. (1942), Brain Injuries in War. London: Heinemann, 1942.
[22] Piéron H. (1923), Physiologie de la vision. Paris 1923. Piéron H. (1934), Le problème du mécanisme physologique impliqué par l’ échelon differential de sensation. Année Psychologique, 34: 217.
[23] Economo C. von, Koskinas G. N. (1925), Die Cytoarchitektonik der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen. Wien: Springer Verlag 1925.
[24] Pötzl O. (1928), Die optish-agnostichen Störungen in: Handbuch der Psychiatrie, Aschaffenburg, Wien 1928. Pötzl O. (1933), Polyopie und gnostische Störung. Ein Beitrag zur Pathophysiologie der cerebralen Sehstörungen. Jb. Psychiat. Neurol., 50: 57–77.
[25] Inouye T. (1909), Die Sehstörungen bei Schuβverletzunge der kortikalen Sehsphëre. Nach Beobachtungen an Verwundeten der letzten japanischen Kriege. Leipzig: Engelman 1909. Cameron N (1928), Cerebral destruction in its relation to maze learning. Psychol. Monogr., 39 (1): 1-68. Kleist K. von (1934), Gehirnpathologie. Leipzig: Barth J. 1934.
[26] Ramón y Cajal S. (1899), Textura del Sistema Nervioso del Hombre y de los Vertebrados. Tomo II, Madrid 1899.
[27] Lashley K. S. (1933), Integrative functions of the cerebral cortex. Physiological Reviews, 13: 1-42. Lashley K. S. (1930), Basic neural mechanism in behaviour. Psychol. Rev., 37: 1-24. Lahsley K. S. (1942) The problem of cerebral organization in vision. Biol. Symp., 7: 301-322.
[28] Lange J. (1936), Agnosien und Apraxien. Handbuch der Neurologie, Bumke, Foerster (Eds.), Berlin: Springer Verlag, 6: 807–960.
[29] Stein H, Weizsäcker V. von (1928), Zur Pathologie der Sensibilität. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 27 (1): 657–708. Stein J. (1928), Über die Veränderung der Sinnesleistungen und die Entstehung von Trug-wahrnehmungen. In: Pathologie der Wahrnehmung. Handbuch der Geisteskrankheiten, Bumke O. (Ed.), Bd I, Allgemeiner Teil I, Berlin: Springer 1928. p 351–426. Weizsäcker V. von (1931), Kasuistische Beitäage zur Lehre von Funktionswandel bei statooptosensiblen Syndromen. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde, 117.
[30] Lhermitte J. (1939), L’image de notre corps. Nouvelle Revue Critique, Paris 1939.
[31] Wernicke C. (1874), Der aphasiche symptomenkomplex: Eine psychologische Studie auf anatomischer Basis. Breslau: Cohn and Weigert 1874.
[32] Koffka K. (1919/1935), Beitrage zur Psychologie der Gestalt. Bd., 1, Leipzig 1919 (Principles of Gestaltpsychology. New York 1935). Köhler W. (1930), Gestalt Psychology. London 1930. Köhler W (1940), Dynamics in Psychology. New York: Liveright 1940.