Publication: Políticas de Preservação Digital: estruturação e características
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2015-11-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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A preservação digital é um problema de pesquisa estudado há décadas. Várias tecnologias foram desenvolvidas para evitar a perda do material digital produzido pelas instituições. Apesar disso, uma grande parte das instituições não tem uma cultura de preservação consolidada. Por essa razão, diversos projetos de abrangência internacional orientam o planejamento, a implementação e a caracterização de uma política de preservação digital, como o Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), Scalable Preservation Environments (SCAPE), International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES), dentre outros. O desenvolvimento de um programa de preservação digital assenta na estruturação de uma política de preservação digital, uma vez que a tecnologia por si só não é suficiente para assegurar o acesso a longo prazo dos objetos digitais produzidos pelas instituições culturais, acadêmicas e de pesquisa. Este trabalho tem por objetivo o de apresentar os modelos de uma política de preservação digital a partir das propostas apoiadas pelo JISC, SCAPE e InterPARES, incluindo a identificação das suas características comuns e/ou complementares. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados para a realização deste estudo basearam-se na revisão da literatura sobre políticas de preservação digital e no levantamento dos modelos de políticas de preservação digital em projetos disponíveis na World Wide Web. Os resultados preliminares desta pesquisa apontam uma certa complementaridade entre os estudos, com exceção do DOAR. O modelo de política apoiado pelo JIISC e pelo InterPARES focalizam-se no desenvolvimento de uma política em um nível superior ao da implementação, ou seja, um nível onde a política está em consonância com as metas e objetivos de uma instituição. Esse nível de política é o que vai dar sustentação às políticas de implementação de um programa de preservação digital. O SCAPE define os elementos de política que delineiam os procedimentos de implementação de um programa de preservação digital.
Digital preservation is a research issue that has been studied for decades. Several technologies were developed to avoid the loss of digital material produced by institutions. A large number of institutions, however, do not have a consolidated culture of preservation. Therefore, a number of projects with international scope such as the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), the Scalable Preservation Environments (SCAPE), the International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES), among others, guide the planning, the implementation and the characterization of a digital preservation policy. The development of a digital preservation program settles on structuring a digital preservation policy, given that technology by itself is not enough to ensure long-term access to digital objects produced by cultural, academic and research institutions. This work aims at presenting digital preservation models from proposals supported by the JISC, the SCAPE, and the InterPARES, and at including the identification of their common and/or complementary characteristics. The methodological procedures that have been adopted to carry out this study have been underpinned on the literature review about digital preservation policies and on the survey of digital preservation policy models from available projects in the World Wide Web. The preliminary research outcomes point out a certain complementarity between the studies, with the exception of the DOAR one. The policy model supported by the JISC and the InterPARES focuses on the development of a policy at a higher level than the one of implementation, e. g., a level where the policy is in accordance with the goals and objectives of an institution. This policy level is the one which will give support to the implementation policies of a digital preservation program. The SCAPE defines the policy elements which outline the implementation procedures of a digital preservation program.
Digital preservation is a research issue that has been studied for decades. Several technologies were developed to avoid the loss of digital material produced by institutions. A large number of institutions, however, do not have a consolidated culture of preservation. Therefore, a number of projects with international scope such as the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), the Scalable Preservation Environments (SCAPE), the International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES), among others, guide the planning, the implementation and the characterization of a digital preservation policy. The development of a digital preservation program settles on structuring a digital preservation policy, given that technology by itself is not enough to ensure long-term access to digital objects produced by cultural, academic and research institutions. This work aims at presenting digital preservation models from proposals supported by the JISC, the SCAPE, and the InterPARES, and at including the identification of their common and/or complementary characteristics. The methodological procedures that have been adopted to carry out this study have been underpinned on the literature review about digital preservation policies and on the survey of digital preservation policy models from available projects in the World Wide Web. The preliminary research outcomes point out a certain complementarity between the studies, with the exception of the DOAR one. The policy model supported by the JISC and the InterPARES focuses on the development of a policy at a higher level than the one of implementation, e. g., a level where the policy is in accordance with the goals and objectives of an institution. This policy level is the one which will give support to the implementation policies of a digital preservation program. The SCAPE defines the policy elements which outline the implementation procedures of a digital preservation program.
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ERPANET . (2003). Digital Preservation Policy Tool. Glasgow, Scotland. Acesso em 30 de agosto de 2015, disponível em Eletronic Resource Preservation and Access Network: http://www.erpanet.org/guidance/docs/ERPANETPolicyTool.pdf
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Brown, A. (2013). Practical Digital Preservation: A How-to Guide for Organizations of Any Size. London: Facet Publishing.
DOAR (Directory of Open Accesss Repositories). (2014). Policies Tool. Acesso em 30 de agosto de 2015, disponível em OpenDOAR: http://www.opendoar.org/ tools/en/policies.php
InterPARES; ICA. (2012). Developing Policy and Procedures for Digital Preservation. 2, 1-82. Canada. Acesso em 31 de agosto de 2015, disponível em http://www.interpares.org/ip3/display_file.cfm?doc=ip3_canada_gs12_module_2_july-2012_DRAFT.pdf
King, R. (23 de September de 2014). SCAPE Project Ends on the 30th of September. Fonte: Open Preservation Foundation: http://openpreservation.org/blog/ 2014/09/23/scape-project-ends-30th-september/
Lyman, P., & Besser, H. (2010). Defining the Problem of Our Vanishing Memory: background, current status, models for resolution. Em R. Parry (Ed.), Museums in a Digital Age (pp. 336-341). Abrigdon: Routledge.
Noonan, D. W. (2014). Digital Preservation Policy Framework: A Case Study. Acesso em 30 de agosto de 2015, disponível em EDUCAUSE: http://er.educause.edu/ articles/2014/7/digital-preservation-policy-framework-a-case-study
SCAPE. (30 de September de 2014). Project. Fonte: Scalable Preservation Environments: http://www.scape-project.eu/about/project
Sierman, B., Jones, C., & ElstrØm, G. (2014). Catalogue of Preservation Policy Elements. Seibersdorf: SCAPE Project. Fonte: http://www.scape-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/SCAPE_D13.2_KB_V1.0.pdf