Publication: Académicos e indígenas: objeto de estudio y discursos de las ciencias sociales en Chiapas
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2016-04-28
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El trabajo Académicos e indígenas. Objeto de estudio y discursos de las ciencias sociales en Chiapas fue realizado con el propósito de investigar la producción científica de los académicos de las instituciones del estado. Chiapas ha sido materia de estudio e intervención de científicos, artistas, políticos e incluso religiosos por la importante presencia de población de origen prehispánico en su territorio. Actualmente esta población es el principal objeto de estudio de los científicos sociales del estado, así, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar el discurso científico sobre los indígenas en Chiapas. Los fundamentos teóricos para construir la propuesta de análisis sociológico del discurso científico se encuentran en Bourdieu con los conceptos de campo y habitus; Keller con la metodología de análisis del discurso basado en la sociología del conocimiento; Gouldner con el reconocimiento de los supuestos acerca de ámbitos particulares en la producción teórica y Castañeda con su investigación en la que somete a examen el discurso académico de la sociología en México. Siguiendo a estos autores se construyó una metodología que analizara los supuestos teóricos (dimensión simbólica) y las condiciones institucionales (dimensión material) que estructuran el discurso, para lo cual se estudiaron 147 textos de igual número de académicos con categoría de investigadores adscritos a centros y universidades públicas del estado. Los principales resultados de la investigación son que la mayoría de los investigadores produce conocimiento sobre los denominados grupos indígenas del estado, es decir, existe una continuidad entre los primeros pensadores de la realidad chiapaneca y los actuales, pero las similitudes van más allá, los supuestos que estructuran el discurso de la mayoría de los actuales científicos han permanecido: se trata de poblaciones de origen prehispánico, con una cultura y tradiciones que les son propias y que han persistido a lo largo de los siglos, además se organizan en comunidad por voluntad propia y por así convenir a sus propios intereses los cuales, sobra decir, son los mismos para todos los miembros, o sea se persigue el bien común, a diferencia de las sociedades occidentales. Se encontró que el origen de este enfoque se encuentra en la ideología nacionalista, el pensamiento posmoderno y la historia del campo de la sociología y antropología...
The work entitled Academics and indigenous. Object of study and discourses of the social sciences in Chiapas was conducted in order to investigate the scientific output of academic institutions of the state. Chiapas has been the subject of study and participation of scientists, artists, politicians and even religious people due to the presence of important pre-Hispanic population in its territory. Nowadays, this population is the main object of study for social scientists in the state, so the aim of this work was to analyze the scientific discourse on indigenous in Chiapas. The theoretical foundations to build the proposed sociological analysis of scientific discourse are in Pierre Bourdieu with the concepts of field and habitus, in Keller with the methodology of discourse analysis based on the sociology of knowledge, in Gouldner with the recognition of the assumptions about particular areas of theoretical production and Castaneda with his research in which tests academic discourse of sociology in Mexico. Following these authors, a methodology to analyze the theoretical assumptions (symbolic dimension) and institutional conditions (material dimension) that structure the speech was built, for which 147 texts, of an equal number of academics with researchers category assigned to centers and public universities in the state were studied. The main results of this work were that most researchers produce knowledge about the so-called indigenous groups in the state, i.e., there is a continuity between the first thinkers of the reality of Chiapas and the present ones. But the similarities go beyond, this assumptions, which structure the discourse of most scientists today have remained: it is pre-Hispanic populations, with their own culture and traditions that have persisted over the centuries. Also, they are organized in communities of their own and for their own interests, which, needless to say, are the same for all members. For example, the common good, unlike Western societies, is pursued. It was found that the origin of this approach lies in the nationalist ideology, postmodern thought and history of the field of sociology and anthropology. ..
The work entitled Academics and indigenous. Object of study and discourses of the social sciences in Chiapas was conducted in order to investigate the scientific output of academic institutions of the state. Chiapas has been the subject of study and participation of scientists, artists, politicians and even religious people due to the presence of important pre-Hispanic population in its territory. Nowadays, this population is the main object of study for social scientists in the state, so the aim of this work was to analyze the scientific discourse on indigenous in Chiapas. The theoretical foundations to build the proposed sociological analysis of scientific discourse are in Pierre Bourdieu with the concepts of field and habitus, in Keller with the methodology of discourse analysis based on the sociology of knowledge, in Gouldner with the recognition of the assumptions about particular areas of theoretical production and Castaneda with his research in which tests academic discourse of sociology in Mexico. Following these authors, a methodology to analyze the theoretical assumptions (symbolic dimension) and institutional conditions (material dimension) that structure the speech was built, for which 147 texts, of an equal number of academics with researchers category assigned to centers and public universities in the state were studied. The main results of this work were that most researchers produce knowledge about the so-called indigenous groups in the state, i.e., there is a continuity between the first thinkers of the reality of Chiapas and the present ones. But the similarities go beyond, this assumptions, which structure the discourse of most scientists today have remained: it is pre-Hispanic populations, with their own culture and traditions that have persisted over the centuries. Also, they are organized in communities of their own and for their own interests, which, needless to say, are the same for all members. For example, the common good, unlike Western societies, is pursued. It was found that the origin of this approach lies in the nationalist ideology, postmodern thought and history of the field of sociology and anthropology. ..
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Sociología V (Teoría Sociológica), leída el 04-12-2015