Publication: Ajuste psicológico en niños brasileños con cáncer y en sus padres o cuidadores
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2016-05-09
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte en niños y adolescentes. No obstante, las tasas de supervivencia son actualmente elevadas. Ante esta realidad, ha aumentado el interés por conocer los factores psicológicos asociados al ajuste psicológico a largo plazo y en la situación de recidiva del cáncer infanto-juvenil. Debido a la escasez de estudios sobre estos factores en el contexto brasileño, el objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar el grado de ajuste psicológico de niños/adolescentes brasileños aquejados de cáncer (en recaída y supervivientes) y sus cuidadores, con relación a un grupo control de niños/adolescentes sin historia de cáncer y sus familiares. Adicionalmente, se buscó analizar la asociación entre medidas de psicopatología y variables sociodemográficas, médicas, clima familiar y apoyo social recibido por los cuidadores. Las muestras se distribuyeron en tres grupos: el grupo 1 tenía 31 niños/adolescentes con recaída de cáncer y 32 padres/cuidadores; el grupo 2 estaba compuesto por 78 niños/adolescentes supervivientes y 75 padres/cuidadores; y el grupo 3 estaba formado por 71 niños/adolescentes sin historia conocida de cáncer y 76 padres/cuidadores. Los instrumentos de medida aplicados a los niños/adolescentes fueron las escalas BASC - autoinforme, RCMAS y la Escala de Autoconcepto Piers-Harris. En los padres/cuidadores se aplicaron las escalas BASC – informe de los padres, los inventarios Beck de ansiedad y depresión (BAI y BDI), el cuestionario SCL-90, el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social de Norbeck y la Escala de Clima Social en la Familia. Se analizaron los datos a partir de ANCOVAS, ANOVAS, pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y correlaciones de Pearson y Spearman...
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in children and adolescents. However, nowadays survival rates are high. Given this reality, there has been increasing interest in understanding the psychological factors associated with long-term psychological adjustment or in a cancer relapse situation. Due the lack of studies about these factors in the Brazilian context, the aim of this study was to evaluate differences in psychological adjustment’s degree of children suffering from cancer (relapsed and survivors) and their caregivers, compared with a control group of children with no cancer history and their families. Additionally, we analyzed the association between measures of psychopathology and sociodemographic and medical variables, family environment and social support received by the caregivers. The sample was divided into three groups: group 1 had 31 children/adolescents with cancer relapse and 32 parents/caregivers; group 2 consisted of 78 children/adolescent survivors and 75 parents/caregivers; and group 3 consisted of 71 children/adolescents with no cancer history and 76 parents/caregivers. The instruments applied to children / adolescents were BASC scales – self-report, RCMAS and Piers-Harris’ Self-Concept Scale. In parents/caregivers we applied BASC scales- parent report, the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories (BAI and BDI), the SCL-90 questionnaire, the Norbeck Social Support Scale Questionnaire and the Social Climate Family Scale. Data were analyzed with ANCOVAs, ANOVAs, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson and Spearman correlations. The results revealed that both children/adolescents with cancer relapse as the survivors of this disease not only did not show more psychological problems than the control group but indeed showed better results than their "healthy" peers..
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in children and adolescents. However, nowadays survival rates are high. Given this reality, there has been increasing interest in understanding the psychological factors associated with long-term psychological adjustment or in a cancer relapse situation. Due the lack of studies about these factors in the Brazilian context, the aim of this study was to evaluate differences in psychological adjustment’s degree of children suffering from cancer (relapsed and survivors) and their caregivers, compared with a control group of children with no cancer history and their families. Additionally, we analyzed the association between measures of psychopathology and sociodemographic and medical variables, family environment and social support received by the caregivers. The sample was divided into three groups: group 1 had 31 children/adolescents with cancer relapse and 32 parents/caregivers; group 2 consisted of 78 children/adolescent survivors and 75 parents/caregivers; and group 3 consisted of 71 children/adolescents with no cancer history and 76 parents/caregivers. The instruments applied to children / adolescents were BASC scales – self-report, RCMAS and Piers-Harris’ Self-Concept Scale. In parents/caregivers we applied BASC scales- parent report, the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories (BAI and BDI), the SCL-90 questionnaire, the Norbeck Social Support Scale Questionnaire and the Social Climate Family Scale. Data were analyzed with ANCOVAs, ANOVAs, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson and Spearman correlations. The results revealed that both children/adolescents with cancer relapse as the survivors of this disease not only did not show more psychological problems than the control group but indeed showed better results than their "healthy" peers..
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos I, leída el 22-01-2016
UCM subjects
Oncología, Psicoterapia (Psicología)
Unesco subjects
3201.01 Oncología, 6103.07 Psicoterapia