Publication: La comunicación intercultural: pragmática de la petición en español y en chino mandarín
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2016-06-16
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Este trabajo se ha enfocado desde el plano pluridisciplinar en su primera parte, donde tratamos de la comunicación intercultural, y de la pragmática intercultural en la segunda parte, en cuanto se realiza una comparación entre la petición en español y en chino mandarín desde el punto de vista de la cortesía. Esta última acompaña, en mayor o menor grado, la realización de todos los actos de habla (Lavandera, 1988). Se ha hecho un análisis pragmalingüístico sobre los patrones que utilizan los hablantes nativos para realizar este acto en situaciones específicas, y se ha contrastado con los valores y normas culturales que fundamentan las elecciones lingüísticas de los hablantes. De este modo, y a través de esos valores y de las premisas culturales que dan cuenta de ellos, entender mejor la imagen y los deseos que los hablantes nativos tienen sobre ella para llegar a una verdadera competencia pragmática intercultural y así favorecer el entendimiento entre estas dos culturas. Consideramos que, junto al conocimiento lingüístico de los patrones de la petición, es indispensable el entendimiento de esas premisas culturales para poder realizar actos pragmáticamente correctos y evitar malentendidos. Esta es la razón por la que consideramos importante la enseñanza de estos aspectos al aprender estas lenguas. El estudio del acto de habla de la petición es particularmente interesante ya que, debido a la fuerza impositiva que implica, requiere en muchas ocasiones estrategias para mitigarla.
This research has a two way approach: a cross-disciplinary one in the first part where we deal with intercultural communication, and an intercultural pragmatic one in the second part, as we make a comparison between requests in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese from the point of view of politeness. Politeness accompanies to a greater or lesser degree all speech acts (Lavandera, 1988). We made a pragmalinguistic analysis of the patterns that native speakers use to make requests in specific circumstances and we contrasted them with the values and cultural norms that are in the foundation of the linguistic choices the speakers make. Through those values and the cultural premises based on them we can understand better the native speaker’s face and face desires, to reach a true intercultural pragmatic competence and improve the mutual understanding of both cultures. The linguistic knowledge of request patterns is necessary, but the comprehension of the cultural premises is also indispensable to be able to produce pragmatically correct acts and avoid misunderstandings. This is the reason why we consider important the teaching of these aspects when learning these languages. The study of the speech act of requests is of a particular interest given the strength of the imposition it has and the strategies needed on many occasions to mitigate it.
This research has a two way approach: a cross-disciplinary one in the first part where we deal with intercultural communication, and an intercultural pragmatic one in the second part, as we make a comparison between requests in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese from the point of view of politeness. Politeness accompanies to a greater or lesser degree all speech acts (Lavandera, 1988). We made a pragmalinguistic analysis of the patterns that native speakers use to make requests in specific circumstances and we contrasted them with the values and cultural norms that are in the foundation of the linguistic choices the speakers make. Through those values and the cultural premises based on them we can understand better the native speaker’s face and face desires, to reach a true intercultural pragmatic competence and improve the mutual understanding of both cultures. The linguistic knowledge of request patterns is necessary, but the comprehension of the cultural premises is also indispensable to be able to produce pragmatically correct acts and avoid misunderstandings. This is the reason why we consider important the teaching of these aspects when learning these languages. The study of the speech act of requests is of a particular interest given the strength of the imposition it has and the strategies needed on many occasions to mitigate it.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Departamento de Filología Española III (Lengua y Literatura), leída el 11-01-2016