Publication: Estudio histórico del uso y prohibición de los promotores del crecimiento en la ganadería española
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2016-08-16
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El engorde animal constituye, desde el principio de los tiempos, una de las grandes preocupaciones y necesidades de la humanidad, a las que se ha intentado poner solución de muy diversas maneras a lo largo de toda la historia. Los vacíos de conocimiento y de documentación escrita, relativos a la evolución histórica de aspectos referentes a las técnicas de engorde animal utilizados en ciertas épocas antiguas y, los relativos a la prohibición y posteriores usos de los promotores del crecimiento farmacológicos, son importantes. Esto otorga un valor añadido a nuestro estudio como resultado de una amplia recopilación documental de la que no se han encontrado precedentes. El objetivo principal de esta Tesis Doctoral, es realizar un estudio histórico lo más detallado posible, en el que se describe el conjunto de técnicas y productos de los que se ha valido el hombre para ver incrementadas sus producciones animales a lo largo de toda la historia. Centrándonos, de modo particular, en el impacto de estas sustancias en la ganadería española y cómo las políticas de uso y restricción se han visto fuertemente influenciadas por las medidas propuestas por Europa. Del mismo modo, se describen las diferentes categorías de sustancias químicas que se han ido presentando en el mercado para el engorde animal a lo largo de la época de máximo esplendor de los promotores del crecimiento, es decir, la segunda mitad del siglo XX, las condiciones de uso, los beneficios que reportaron y, de modo fundamental, las causas que desencadenaron su prohibición y las repercusiones a estas medidas legales. Se expone de modo cronológico, un tema de difícil abordaje por su carácter controvertido, porque enfrenta intereses de muchos sectores e implica en un mismo asunto, aspectos de gran relevancia social y económica, como la seguridad alimentaria, la salud de los consumidores, los intercambios comerciales globalizados, la economía agroganadera mundial y la protección medioambiental...
One of the primary concerns of humanity has been the fattening of livestock. This has been approached with a variety of means all over time. Due to the scarcity of knowledge and scientific publications related to the evolution of the different techniques in animal fattening, this research focuses on the subsequent uses and prohibitions of pharmacologic growth promoters throughout historical periods. Therefore, this confirms the value of the present work as a broad compilation not previously undertaken. The main objective of this PhD dissertation is to make a detailed historical review of the group of techniques and products which have helped mankind increase animal production in the course of history. The study focuses primarily on the impact that these substances have had on animal production in Spain. Secondly, how the EU legislation and policy have influenced the use, restrictions and national Spanish policy on growth promoters. This paper reports different categories of growth promoters which have been available for animal fattening during the heyday of the use of these substances, the second half of the 20th century. In addition, this work presents the conditions of use, the benefits they provide and particularly the causes which have led to their illegalization and legal aftermath. The use and prohibition of growth promoting substances is explained in chronological order. This is a contested subject, due to its character it juxtaposes the interests of many sectors. While affecting several aspects of great social and economic relevance. For instance food safety, consumer health, globaltrade, world agricultural economics and environmental protection. In order to achieve these goals, the methodology used requires an exhaustive revision handling all available resources. Including books, scientific articles, popular magazines and legal documents among others. These materials have made it possible to frame the historic events in which this investigation has taken place...
One of the primary concerns of humanity has been the fattening of livestock. This has been approached with a variety of means all over time. Due to the scarcity of knowledge and scientific publications related to the evolution of the different techniques in animal fattening, this research focuses on the subsequent uses and prohibitions of pharmacologic growth promoters throughout historical periods. Therefore, this confirms the value of the present work as a broad compilation not previously undertaken. The main objective of this PhD dissertation is to make a detailed historical review of the group of techniques and products which have helped mankind increase animal production in the course of history. The study focuses primarily on the impact that these substances have had on animal production in Spain. Secondly, how the EU legislation and policy have influenced the use, restrictions and national Spanish policy on growth promoters. This paper reports different categories of growth promoters which have been available for animal fattening during the heyday of the use of these substances, the second half of the 20th century. In addition, this work presents the conditions of use, the benefits they provide and particularly the causes which have led to their illegalization and legal aftermath. The use and prohibition of growth promoting substances is explained in chronological order. This is a contested subject, due to its character it juxtaposes the interests of many sectors. While affecting several aspects of great social and economic relevance. For instance food safety, consumer health, globaltrade, world agricultural economics and environmental protection. In order to achieve these goals, the methodology used requires an exhaustive revision handling all available resources. Including books, scientific articles, popular magazines and legal documents among others. These materials have made it possible to frame the historic events in which this investigation has taken place...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal), leída el 14/01/2016