Publication: Apuntes metodológicos sobre la conversación en el trabajo etnográfico
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Publication Date
2012
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En este artículo subrayamos las similitudes entre los intercambios dialógicos que se producen a lo largo del trabajo de campo y los que se dan en situación de entrevista. Consideramos que, en ambos casos, el investigador tiene que aproximarse al registro característico de la conversación ordinaria y, en definitiva, a la complejidad de la experiencia de los sujetos. El acceso a este nivel no puede dejarse al azar de la intuición del antropólogo o a que emerja espontáneamente de las circunstancias. Requiere una reflexión sistemática previa que forma parte de la construcción del objeto de investigación y que, en este sentido, atraviesa y rompe las categorías en las que se divide con frecuencia el proceso del conocimiento etnográfico: fase exploratoria/obtención de datos, prácticas discursivas/no-discursivas, trabajo de campo/entrevista. Se propone una forma de articular contenidos y estrategias de conversación con vistas a aquellos fines. Igualmente, se consideran algunas de las dificultades inherentes a estas dinámicas de investigación.
In this article we underscore the similarities between the dialogical interchange developed during the fieldwork as well as those performed at an interview context. We consider that, in both cases, the researcher has to get close to the distinctive register of the ordinary conversation, and to the complexity of the subject’s experience in short. Access to this level cannot be left at random of the anthropologist’s intuition neither to a spontaneous emergence from the circumstances. It requires of a previous systematic reflexivity that is embedded in the construction of the object of research and therefore gone through and exploded the categories in which the process of ethnographic knowledge is frequently divided: exploratory findings/collecting data, discursive /non discursive practices, fieldwork/interview. To achieve those goals, we suggest a way to articulate both contents and strategies in conversation. Finally, we take into account some of the difficulties inherent to those dynamics of research.
In this article we underscore the similarities between the dialogical interchange developed during the fieldwork as well as those performed at an interview context. We consider that, in both cases, the researcher has to get close to the distinctive register of the ordinary conversation, and to the complexity of the subject’s experience in short. Access to this level cannot be left at random of the anthropologist’s intuition neither to a spontaneous emergence from the circumstances. It requires of a previous systematic reflexivity that is embedded in the construction of the object of research and therefore gone through and exploded the categories in which the process of ethnographic knowledge is frequently divided: exploratory findings/collecting data, discursive /non discursive practices, fieldwork/interview. To achieve those goals, we suggest a way to articulate both contents and strategies in conversation. Finally, we take into account some of the difficulties inherent to those dynamics of research.