Publication: Los intelectuales socialistas en el primer bienio de la II República: Reforma o revolución. Proyecto educativo
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2016-09-30
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La II República ha sido y es un periodo clave de la historia contemporánea de España debido, en buena parte, a su carácter innovador y rupturista respecto a los periodos que la antecedieron y sucedieron. De hecho, fue considerada la única esperanza modernizadora y regeneracionista para salir de un atraso político, económico y sociocultural del que se culpaba a una monarquía incapaz de ofrecer una profunda renovación a finales de los años veinte. Este sentimiento regeneracionista se instaló en ciertos sectores de la población, especialmente en políticos e intelectuales, uniéndoles, inicialmente, en pos de un objetivo común durante casi tres años e imprimiendo un espíritu reformista, revolucionario e -incluso- rupturista en la primera etapa republicana. Pero fueron especialmente los intelectuales los que tomaron conciencia de que un régimen democrático y parlamentario podía ser la solución a los grandes problemas de España. Por ese motivo se sintieron llamados a liderar la tan ansiada y anunciada regeneración que habían soñado desde el 98 los más mayores y, desde la Dictadura Primorriverista, los más jóvenes. Se implicaron juristas, escritores, profesores y filósofos junto a políticos profesionales; aunque, en aquel momento, éstos últimos ocuparon una segunda fila en el liderazgo de la concepción del proyecto republicano mientras los intelectuales socialistas adquirían un protagonismo especial...
The Second Spanish Republic has been considered, and nowadays, it is still considered, a key period in the contemporary history of Spain, due in a large extent to its innovative and ground-breaking character in comparison with the previous and following periods. In fact, it was considered the only modernizing and regenerationist hope, in order to overcome the political, economic and socio cultural backwardness which seemed to be the result of the Monarchýs policy, unable to offer a thorough modernization in the late 20s. This regenerationist feeling settled down in certain sectors of the population, particularly politicians and intellectuals, who worked together for almost three years towards a common objective; bringing a reforming, revolutionary, and even a ground breaking, spirit in the first republican era. Nevertheless, intellectuals were specially the sector who really became aware of the fact that the solution to the great problems of Spain could stand in a democratic and parliamentary regime. For that reason, they felt themselves called to lead such a longedfor and foretold regeneration which the elderly had dreamt of since 98 and the young since the dictatorial regime of General Primo de Rivera. Jurists, writers, teachers, philosophers together with professional politicians got involved. At that time, the last group occupied a second rank in the leadership of the republican project whilst socialist intellectuals gained a special importance...
The Second Spanish Republic has been considered, and nowadays, it is still considered, a key period in the contemporary history of Spain, due in a large extent to its innovative and ground-breaking character in comparison with the previous and following periods. In fact, it was considered the only modernizing and regenerationist hope, in order to overcome the political, economic and socio cultural backwardness which seemed to be the result of the Monarchýs policy, unable to offer a thorough modernization in the late 20s. This regenerationist feeling settled down in certain sectors of the population, particularly politicians and intellectuals, who worked together for almost three years towards a common objective; bringing a reforming, revolutionary, and even a ground breaking, spirit in the first republican era. Nevertheless, intellectuals were specially the sector who really became aware of the fact that the solution to the great problems of Spain could stand in a democratic and parliamentary regime. For that reason, they felt themselves called to lead such a longedfor and foretold regeneration which the elderly had dreamt of since 98 and the young since the dictatorial regime of General Primo de Rivera. Jurists, writers, teachers, philosophers together with professional politicians got involved. At that time, the last group occupied a second rank in the leadership of the republican project whilst socialist intellectuals gained a special importance...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia Contemporánea, leída el 25-01-2016