Publication: Somosierra: análisis geomorfológico
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2016-09-30
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En este estudio, hemos pretendido obtener dos objetivos fundamentales. Por una parte, establecer los rasgos geológicos fundamentales de un espacio geográficamente singular y que presenta el interés añadido de constituir el gozne entre dos dominios estructurales diferentes y que se interpenetran, dando como resultado un espacio de muy atractiva complejidad, geológica y geomorfológica. En este sentido, hemos cotejado cómo el acercamiento a la geología de nuestro espacio por parte de los geólogos españoles y extranjeros no es, sino un trasunto del progreso realizado por las Ciencias de la Naturaleza a lo largo del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del XX, pasados ya los primeros, aunque apasionantes, tanteos de los naturalistas ilustrados. Por ello y a tenor de cómo aquellos naturalistas abordaban la naturaleza de sus observaciones, nos centramos en el estudio de las grandes corrientes que, en Geología, se habían lanzado en la primera de estas centurias y cómo éstas habían tenido eco en nuestro país, primero, a través de la Escuela de Minas de Friburgo, que sentaría las bases científicas de nuestros primeros ingenieros, sustituida luego o, mejor, complementada por las tendencias imperantes en las siguientes décadas en la Francia y Gran Bretaña del momento. Así, Catastrofismo, Diluvialismo y, quizás de forma especial, Actualismo impregnarán la mente y la producción científica de nuestros Ingenieros de Minas y de las primeras promociones de geólogos. Paralelamente, se ha comprobado que se iba gestando en nuestro país el tejido científico, a tenor de los intereses económicos del Estado Liberal, pero también al vaivén de las siempre difíciles circunstancias políticas de nuestra desgraciada centuria. Junto a estas consideraciones, de naturaleza estrictamente geológica, epistemológica y de Historia de la Ciencia, se ha aportado, igualmente y a partir del conocimiento de las culturas protohistóricas e históricas que poblaron estas regiones, un estudio sobre la toponimia, mayor y menor, de nuestro territorio y con el que hemos creído demostrar la pervivencia en el mismo de nombres, y por tanto y quizás, también de hombres, de forma prácticamente ininterrumpida. Nuestro segundo objetivo se ha centrado en el análisis geomorfológico de nuestro espacio, sirviéndonos, de un lado, del análisis fotogeológico y la posterior fotointerpretación de las formas de relieve, así como de un trabajo de campo en el que nos hemos empeñado a lo largo de varias campañas. Este trabajo ha sido reflejado en cuatro hojas geomorfológicas a escala 1:50.000 realizadas sobre la base de nuestro Mapa Topográfico Nacional (404, 405, 432, 433, 459, 460. 485, 486)...
In this work, our aim has been to fulfil two main goals. On one hand, to set the main geological set of a very singular territory from a geographical and geological side; this adds the interest of being this area the structural intercalation of two great structural domains of regional importance, resulting from this an area of a quite attractive geological and geomorphologic complexity. In this sense, we have verified how the approach of Spanish and foreigners geologists to Geology is anything but the image of Natural Sciences progress along the XIX and first decades of the next XIX century, before the previous and thrilling tentative of the enlightened naturalists of XVIII century. That's why we centred our attention on the main trends in Geology and how these trends had been incorporated to our country and to our naturalists, first of all trough Freiburg Mine School, which established de scientific basis of our first engineer's intellectual foundations, further on substituted or complemented, in the fallowing decades, by scientific trends held out in France and Great Britain. So, Catastrophism, Diluvialism and, perhaps in an special way, Actualism will pervade the mind and scientific production of our Mining Engineers and the first promotions of geologists. Comparably, it can be verified that scientific background was developing in our country accordingly to the economic interest of the Liberal State, but also to the evolving political circumstances of this disgraceful century. Together with all these strictly geological, epistemological and of Science History considerations, we have incorporated, from the existing knowledge of proto-historic and historic cultures, a study about mayor and minor toponomy of our territory with which we think have demonstrated the survival of names, and thus of population in these areas in a continuous way. Our second aim has cantered on the geomorphic analysis of our territory trough photo geological analysis and further photo interpretation of landscape morphology, as well as in different field work held during some campaigns. This task is exhibited in four maps 1:50.000 drawn out over the basis of our National Topographic Map (404, 405, 432, 433, 459, 460. 485, 486)...
In this work, our aim has been to fulfil two main goals. On one hand, to set the main geological set of a very singular territory from a geographical and geological side; this adds the interest of being this area the structural intercalation of two great structural domains of regional importance, resulting from this an area of a quite attractive geological and geomorphologic complexity. In this sense, we have verified how the approach of Spanish and foreigners geologists to Geology is anything but the image of Natural Sciences progress along the XIX and first decades of the next XIX century, before the previous and thrilling tentative of the enlightened naturalists of XVIII century. That's why we centred our attention on the main trends in Geology and how these trends had been incorporated to our country and to our naturalists, first of all trough Freiburg Mine School, which established de scientific basis of our first engineer's intellectual foundations, further on substituted or complemented, in the fallowing decades, by scientific trends held out in France and Great Britain. So, Catastrophism, Diluvialism and, perhaps in an special way, Actualism will pervade the mind and scientific production of our Mining Engineers and the first promotions of geologists. Comparably, it can be verified that scientific background was developing in our country accordingly to the economic interest of the Liberal State, but also to the evolving political circumstances of this disgraceful century. Together with all these strictly geological, epistemological and of Science History considerations, we have incorporated, from the existing knowledge of proto-historic and historic cultures, a study about mayor and minor toponomy of our territory with which we think have demonstrated the survival of names, and thus of population in these areas in a continuous way. Our second aim has cantered on the geomorphic analysis of our territory trough photo geological analysis and further photo interpretation of landscape morphology, as well as in different field work held during some campaigns. This task is exhibited in four maps 1:50.000 drawn out over the basis of our National Topographic Map (404, 405, 432, 433, 459, 460. 485, 486)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 26-01-2016