Publication: Características microbiológicas y clínico-epidemiológicas de enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasa oxa-48 en el contexto de un brote hospitalario
Loading...
Files
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2016-11-17
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
La diseminación de enterobacterias resistentes a los antibióticos carbapenémicos constituye una importante amenaza para los sistemas de salud. Las especies pertenecientes a la familia Enterobacteriaceae son la principal causa de infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria, siendo los antibióticos carbapenémicos el último escalón terapéutico para una proporción cada vez mayor de pacientes con infecciones graves producidas por enterobacterias. La carbapenemasa OXA-48 es un enzima oxacilinasa con actividad hidrolítica para los antibióticos carbapenémicos que se describió por primera vez en un paciente hospitalizado en Turquía en el año 2001. Desde entonces las enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasa OXA-48 han sido detectadas en numerosos países en el norte de África, Oriente Medio y Europa. Las enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasa OXA-48 han estado implicadas en brotes nosocomiales y son un problema de gran trascendencia clínica. El gen que codifica para la carbapenemasa OXA-48 (blaOXA-48) forma parte del transposón Tn1999 que está flanqueado por dos copias de la secuencia de inserción IS1999...
The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae constitutes a significant threat to healthcare systems. The species belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family are the main causative of health care associated infections and carbapenems remain the last frontier of optimal antimicrobial therapy for a significant and growing proportion of patients with severe infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. First described in a clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae from a patient hospitalized in Turkey in 2001, OXA-48 is a carbapenem hydrolyzing oxacillinase with carbapenem-hydrolysing activity. Since then, OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been isolated in several countries in northern Africa, the Middle East and Europe. OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been involved in nosocomial outbreaks and is now a matter of major clinical concern. This carbapenemase is encoded by the blaOXA-48 gene, which is part of the Tn1999 composite transposon made of two copies of the insertion sequence IS1999. OXA-48-producing isolates are frequently multidrug-resistant, because they combine multiple resistance mechanisms. This enzyme shows different hydrolysing activities against betalactam antibiotics, with high activity against penicillins but only low activity against carbapenems. OXA- 48 carbapenemase has very weak activity against third-generation and fourth-generation cephalosporins; however, these are seldom a therapeutic option because other betalactamases, such as extendedspectrum betalactamases, are frequently associated...
The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae constitutes a significant threat to healthcare systems. The species belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family are the main causative of health care associated infections and carbapenems remain the last frontier of optimal antimicrobial therapy for a significant and growing proportion of patients with severe infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. First described in a clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae from a patient hospitalized in Turkey in 2001, OXA-48 is a carbapenem hydrolyzing oxacillinase with carbapenem-hydrolysing activity. Since then, OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been isolated in several countries in northern Africa, the Middle East and Europe. OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been involved in nosocomial outbreaks and is now a matter of major clinical concern. This carbapenemase is encoded by the blaOXA-48 gene, which is part of the Tn1999 composite transposon made of two copies of the insertion sequence IS1999. OXA-48-producing isolates are frequently multidrug-resistant, because they combine multiple resistance mechanisms. This enzyme shows different hydrolysing activities against betalactam antibiotics, with high activity against penicillins but only low activity against carbapenems. OXA- 48 carbapenemase has very weak activity against third-generation and fourth-generation cephalosporins; however, these are seldom a therapeutic option because other betalactamases, such as extendedspectrum betalactamases, are frequently associated...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Microbiología II, leída el 10/02/2016