Publication: Génesis y evolución del rol enfermero en la Atención Primaria de Salud de Cantabria
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2016-11-18
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La intención de esta investigación es conocer el proceso que ha tenido lugar en Cantabria en relación con el desempeño de los profesionales de enfermería de Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) desde la puesta en marcha del modelo hasta la actualidad. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se planteó la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Qué proceso ha tenido lugar en relación con el desempeño profesional de las enfermeras y enfermeros de APS de Cantabria desde el inicio del modelo en 1985 hasta la actualidad? Los objetivos propuestos para su respuesta fueron los siguientes: Determinar si desde la implantación del modelo de la Atención Primaria de Salud en Cantabria se ha generado un rol diferenciado en los profesionales de Enfermería y desarrollar una teoría sustantiva que explique la evolución del papel de los profesionales de Enfermería en la Atención Primaria de Salud en Cantabria desde sus comienzos hasta la actualidad, que permita futuras intervenciones de mejora. Y como objetivos específicos: Identificar los factores favorecedores de un adecuado desempeño de los profesionales de enfermería acorde con el servicio que deben prestar a la sociedad en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria de Salud en Cantabria, identificar aquellos factores que dificultan a las enfermeras y enfermeros de Atención Primaria de Salud en Cantabria un ejercicio profesional acorde a los postulados del modelo e identificar estrategias que mejoren la contribución de los profesionales de Enfermería de Atención Primaria de Cantabria a la sociedad. JUSTIFICACIÓN: La implantación del modelo de Atención Primaria de Salud en España en la década de los 80 posibilita a la profesión enfermera la participación en la salud de la población en situación de igualdad al resto de los profesionales, esta posibilidad viene cargada sin embargo de una profunda indefinición respecto al papel que va a desempeñar. La llegada de los profesionales estaba condicionada por los moldes dominantes de resolver lo inmediato con una tendencia hacia lo curativo y una formación acorde con ella. El estudio de las iniciativas llevadas a cabo supone una forma de conocer cómo los diferentes factores que condicionan el desempeño van influyendo en las formas de hacer y entender de los profesionales y pueden permitir aventurar comportamientos futuros. No existen patrones fijos de comportamiento en ninguna disciplina, pero sin lugar a duda el conocimiento de la influencia de los factores sociales, sanitarios y profesionales en el desempeño es interesante de cara a poder hacer predicciones...
The intent of this research is to study the process that has taken place in Cantabria in relation to the performance of nurses in Primary Health Care (PHC) from the implementation of the model until today. In order to carry out this study the following research question was laid out: What is the process regarding professional performance of PHC nurses that has taken place from the beginning of the model, in 1985, to the present? The following objectives were proposed in order to answer the question: To determine if a distinct nursing role has emerged from the implantation of the Primary Health Care model and to develop a substantial theory to explain the evolving role of nursing professionals in Primary Health Care in Cantabria from its inception to the present, which will allow future interventions to improve. And as specific objectives: to identify the factors favoring adequate performance of nursing professionals, in line with the service that must be given to society in the field of Primary Health Care in Cantabria, to identify those factors that hinder Primary Health Care nurses in Cantabria to carry out a professional performance in accordance with the one postulated in the model and to identify strategies to improve Primary Health Care in Cantabria nursing professionals’’ contribution to society. JUSTIFICATION: Implementation of the model of Primary Health Care in Spain in the 80s enabled nurses take part in population’s health on equal terms with the rest of professionals. However, this possibility is accompanied by a deep uncertainty about the role they would play. Professionals’ arrival was conditioned by dominant molds to solve which was immediate with a tendency toward what is healing and a training commensurate with it. Studying the initiatives undertaking let us understand how different factors that affect performance are influencing the ways professionals make and understand and may allow venture future behaviors. There are no fixed behavioral patterns in any discipline, but without doubt knowledge of the influence of social, health and professional factors is interesting in order to be able to make predictions...
The intent of this research is to study the process that has taken place in Cantabria in relation to the performance of nurses in Primary Health Care (PHC) from the implementation of the model until today. In order to carry out this study the following research question was laid out: What is the process regarding professional performance of PHC nurses that has taken place from the beginning of the model, in 1985, to the present? The following objectives were proposed in order to answer the question: To determine if a distinct nursing role has emerged from the implantation of the Primary Health Care model and to develop a substantial theory to explain the evolving role of nursing professionals in Primary Health Care in Cantabria from its inception to the present, which will allow future interventions to improve. And as specific objectives: to identify the factors favoring adequate performance of nursing professionals, in line with the service that must be given to society in the field of Primary Health Care in Cantabria, to identify those factors that hinder Primary Health Care nurses in Cantabria to carry out a professional performance in accordance with the one postulated in the model and to identify strategies to improve Primary Health Care in Cantabria nursing professionals’’ contribution to society. JUSTIFICATION: Implementation of the model of Primary Health Care in Spain in the 80s enabled nurses take part in population’s health on equal terms with the rest of professionals. However, this possibility is accompanied by a deep uncertainty about the role they would play. Professionals’ arrival was conditioned by dominant molds to solve which was immediate with a tendency toward what is healing and a training commensurate with it. Studying the initiatives undertaking let us understand how different factors that affect performance are influencing the ways professionals make and understand and may allow venture future behaviors. There are no fixed behavioral patterns in any discipline, but without doubt knowledge of the influence of social, health and professional factors is interesting in order to be able to make predictions...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, leída el 03-12-2015