Publication: Efecto de los ácidos grasos hiperoxigenados en la prevención de lesiones cutáneas secundarias al manguito de isquemia quirúrgico
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2016-11-22
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los torniquetes quirúrgicos se utilizan de forma habitual en los pacientes que requieran isquemia con patologías traumática y ortopédica. Impiden el flujo sanguíneo a una extremidad y permiten a los cirujanos trabajar en un campo quirúrgico exangüe. Facilita la identificación de estructuras y reduce las pérdidas de sangre, de este modo, disminuye el tiempo y las complicaciones quirúrgicas. El torniquete neumático moderno se regula automáticamente y hay protocolos para el ancho, ajustes de presión y duración. Los profesionales de Enfermería deben utilizar un lenguaje común en la atención al paciente y desarrollar procedimientos y protocolos relacionados con el uso seguro de los aparatos de isquemia. La Association of perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN), establece una guía de prácticas recomendadas para el uso del torniquete neumático. Son 18 y representan un nivel óptimo en la práctica clínica. Incluyen recomendaciones relativas al mantenimiento de los equipos de isquemia, evaluación preoperatoria de los pacientes para determinar los riesgos, beneficios y planificar los cuidados, contraindicaciones, tamaños adecuados de los manguitos, protecciones, exanguinación de la extremidad, presiones, tiempos del torniquete, evaluación postoperatoria de los pacientes y formación del personal que utiliza los manquitos de isquemia. Se han descrito diferentes complicaciones, a nivel sistémico: aumento de la presión venosa central, hipertensión arterial, hipotermia transitoria, embolismo pulmonar, trombosis venosa profunda y trastornos metabólicos...
Surgical tourniquets are used routinely on patients requiring ischemia with pathologies traumatic and orthopedic. They prevent blood flow to a limb and enable surgeons to work in a bloodless surgical field. It facilitates the identification of structures and reduces the loss of blood, in this way, it reduces the time and surgical complications. Modern pneumatic tourniquet is regulated automatically and there are protocols for the width, pressure, and length adjustments. Staff should use a common language in the patient care and develop procedures and protocols related to the safe use of devices of ischemia. The Association of perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN), established a guide of the best practices for the use of pneumatic tourniquet. There are 18 and represent an optimal level in clinical practice. They include recommendations on the maintenance of the equipment of ischemia, preoperative evaluation of patients to determine the risks, benefits, and plan of the care, contraindications, appropriate sizes of sleeves, protections, exanguinacion of the limb, pressure, times of the turnstile, postoperative evaluation of patients and training of personnel using the ischemia sleeve. Different complications, at the systemic level have been: increased central vein pressure, hypertension blood, transient hypothermia, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and metabolic disorders. At the local level: pain, skin, muscle, vascular, nerve lesions, tissue changes: edema, compartment syndrome, post-torniquete syndrome and failure of the turnstile...
Surgical tourniquets are used routinely on patients requiring ischemia with pathologies traumatic and orthopedic. They prevent blood flow to a limb and enable surgeons to work in a bloodless surgical field. It facilitates the identification of structures and reduces the loss of blood, in this way, it reduces the time and surgical complications. Modern pneumatic tourniquet is regulated automatically and there are protocols for the width, pressure, and length adjustments. Staff should use a common language in the patient care and develop procedures and protocols related to the safe use of devices of ischemia. The Association of perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN), established a guide of the best practices for the use of pneumatic tourniquet. There are 18 and represent an optimal level in clinical practice. They include recommendations on the maintenance of the equipment of ischemia, preoperative evaluation of patients to determine the risks, benefits, and plan of the care, contraindications, appropriate sizes of sleeves, protections, exanguinacion of the limb, pressure, times of the turnstile, postoperative evaluation of patients and training of personnel using the ischemia sleeve. Different complications, at the systemic level have been: increased central vein pressure, hypertension blood, transient hypothermia, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and metabolic disorders. At the local level: pain, skin, muscle, vascular, nerve lesions, tissue changes: edema, compartment syndrome, post-torniquete syndrome and failure of the turnstile...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, leída el 03/02/2016