Publication: Measuring the effectiveness of two public policies on the sectors of labor markets and urban infraestructure. Experimental and quasi-experimental evidence from developing countries
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2016-12-15
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La tesis presenta evidencia rigurosa de la efectividad de las políticas públicas utilizando metodologías experimentales y cuasi-experimentales. La tesis comienza con una introducción completa y una revisión rigurosa de las metodologías que se utilizarán en el análisis posterior de los datos. El primer capítulo, "Habilidades personales y habilidades técnicas en programas de formación de jóvenes. Evidencia Experimental de Largo Plazo de República Dominicana ", evalúa el impacto de un programa de empleo de los jóvenes en una serie de variables de interés. El programa ofrece capacitación en las habilidades vocacionales y en las habilidades no cognitivas a jóvenes en riesgo de exclusión social. Cabe destacar que la metodología utilizada para evaluar el programa es un ensayo controlado aleatorio, que proporciona evidencia robusta del efecto causal del programa. Mientras que estudios previos analizaron el impacto de los programas para jóvenes relacionados, ningún estudio anterior había evaluado los efectos de 4 años después de la implementación del programa. Esto representa una contribución importante debido a que las ganancias a corto plazo de varios programas de desarrollo han demostrado no ser sostenida en el tiempo. Esto es también lo que este estudio encuentra para los resultados del mercado de trabajo: mientras que el programa genera una mejora a corto plazo de los resultados de empleo para las mujeres, este efecto se disipa en el largo plazo. Sin embargo, el programa parece conducir a cambios persistentes en las expectativas del mercado de trabajo de las mujeres: las mujeres que asistieron al entrenamiento de informar una visión más optimista de las perspectivas del mercado de trabajo hasta 4 años después del programa...
The thesis presents rigorous evidence of the effectiveness of public policies using experimental and quasi-experimental methodologies. It starts with a comprehensive introduction and a rigorous overview of the methodologies that will be used in the subsequent data analysis. The first chapter, “Soft Skills and Hard Skills in Youth Training Programs. Long Term Experimental Evidence from the Dominican Republic” evaluates the impact of a youth employment program on a number of outcomes. The program provides training to young adults at risk of social exclusion on vocational skills and on non-cognitive skills. Remarkably, the methodology used to evaluate the program is a randomized control trial, which provides solid evidence of the causal effect of the program. While previous studies analyzed the impact of related youth programs, no previous study had evaluated the effects 4 years after the program was implemented. This represents an important contribution because the short-term gains of several development programs have been shown not to be sustained in time. This is also what this study finds for labor market outcomes: while the program generates a short-term improvement of employment outcomes for women, this effect dissipates in the long run. However, the program seems to lead to persistent changes on labor market expectations of women: women that attended the training report a more optimistic view of their labor market prospects even 4 years after the program. A second contribution of this chapter is to measure the relative contribution of two different types of training programs: vocational training versus enhancing non-cognitive skills...
The thesis presents rigorous evidence of the effectiveness of public policies using experimental and quasi-experimental methodologies. It starts with a comprehensive introduction and a rigorous overview of the methodologies that will be used in the subsequent data analysis. The first chapter, “Soft Skills and Hard Skills in Youth Training Programs. Long Term Experimental Evidence from the Dominican Republic” evaluates the impact of a youth employment program on a number of outcomes. The program provides training to young adults at risk of social exclusion on vocational skills and on non-cognitive skills. Remarkably, the methodology used to evaluate the program is a randomized control trial, which provides solid evidence of the causal effect of the program. While previous studies analyzed the impact of related youth programs, no previous study had evaluated the effects 4 years after the program was implemented. This represents an important contribution because the short-term gains of several development programs have been shown not to be sustained in time. This is also what this study finds for labor market outcomes: while the program generates a short-term improvement of employment outcomes for women, this effect dissipates in the long run. However, the program seems to lead to persistent changes on labor market expectations of women: women that attended the training report a more optimistic view of their labor market prospects even 4 years after the program. A second contribution of this chapter is to measure the relative contribution of two different types of training programs: vocational training versus enhancing non-cognitive skills...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico I, leída el 11-01-2016