Publication: La transferencia tecnológica universitaria en México: un análisis de sus determinantes y sus resultados
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2017-01-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la transferencia de tecnología universitaria (TTU), tanto sus resultados como sus factores determinantes en México. El estudio identifica que los acuerdos de cooperación universidad-industria, la inversión privada en gastos de investigación y desarrollo (I+D) y la generación de empresas de base tecnológica emanadas directamente de las instituciones de educación superior denominadas spin off constituyen resultados de esta TIU. En base a lo anterior se plantean una serie de factores teórico-empíricos para estudiar los determinantes que explican la TIU. La carencia de este tipo de estudios en países menos avanzados tecnológicamente, especialmente en América Latina, justifica la relevancia de abordar este tema que ha sido relacionado con el desarrollo de mayores niveles de bienestar económico y social. El primer capítulo introduce un marco general de referencia sobre la importancia del estudio de la transferencia de tecnología universitaria. Este estudio se enfoca en el modelo básico teórico de TIU (Siegel et. al; 2004) que señala ocho etapas en el proceso de TTU incluyendo las invenciones de los científicos universitarios, la divulgación del invento a las oficinas de transferencia de tecnología (OTTs), la evaluación y solicitud de patente, la emisión de la patente, la promoción de la tecnología entre emprendedores empresariales, la negociación de la licencia, la adaptación de las tecnologías por las empresas y la creación y fundación de empresas spin offs. De este modo, se plantea nuestra pregunta de investigación general: ¿Qué determina y explica el proceso de la TTU en México? En la búsqueda de dar respuesta a la anterior pregunta se postulan tres preguntas particulares con tres objetivos específicos. Así, el primer objetivo busca identificar los factores determinantes de la TIU en México. El segundo objetivo intenta señalar los determinantes en la creación de empresas spin off. El tercer objetivo busca evaluar y medir los niveles de eficiencia y productividad alcanzados por las incipientes unidades de transferencia tecnológica universitaria en México. Estos tres objetivos específicos se han contrastado empíricamente en una muestra de universidades públicas y privadas, así como centros públicos de investigación en México...
This work aims to analyze and evaluate both the determinant factors and the results of the university technology transfer - UTT - process in Mexico. The study points out that the main outcomes in UTT are the number of university-industry cooperation agreements, the private investment in research and development (R & D), and the foundations of technological based companies emanating directly from the academic institutions denominated as spin off. Therefore, a group of theoretical and empirical factors are proposed to study the determinants that explain this UTT. The lack of such studies in less technologically advanced countries, especially in Latin America, justifies the importance of addressing this issue that has been linked to the development of higher levels of economic and social welfare. The first chapter introduces a general framework about the significance to study the university technology transfer processes. This study focuses on the basic theoretical model developed by Siegel et al. (2004). This model identifies eight stages in the process of the UTT, including the inventions of university scientists, the disclosure of the invention to the technology transfer office (TIO), the evaluation and patent application, the patent issuance, the promotion of technologies among business entrepreneurs, the negotiation of licenses, the adaptation of technology by businesses, and the creation and establishment of spin offs. Thus, we propose our general research question: What determines and explains the process of UTT in Mexico? By seeking to answer the above question, three pa1ticular questions with three specific objectives are postulated. So, the first objective is to identify the determinants of the UTT in Mexico. The second objective attempts to indicate the determinants for the creation of spin-off companies. The third objective seeks to assess and measure the levels of efficiency and productivity achieved by the emerging university technology transfer units in Mexico. These three specific objectives have been empirically tested in a sample of public and private universities, and public research centers in Mexico...
This work aims to analyze and evaluate both the determinant factors and the results of the university technology transfer - UTT - process in Mexico. The study points out that the main outcomes in UTT are the number of university-industry cooperation agreements, the private investment in research and development (R & D), and the foundations of technological based companies emanating directly from the academic institutions denominated as spin off. Therefore, a group of theoretical and empirical factors are proposed to study the determinants that explain this UTT. The lack of such studies in less technologically advanced countries, especially in Latin America, justifies the importance of addressing this issue that has been linked to the development of higher levels of economic and social welfare. The first chapter introduces a general framework about the significance to study the university technology transfer processes. This study focuses on the basic theoretical model developed by Siegel et al. (2004). This model identifies eight stages in the process of the UTT, including the inventions of university scientists, the disclosure of the invention to the technology transfer office (TIO), the evaluation and patent application, the patent issuance, the promotion of technologies among business entrepreneurs, the negotiation of licenses, the adaptation of technology by businesses, and the creation and establishment of spin offs. Thus, we propose our general research question: What determines and explains the process of UTT in Mexico? By seeking to answer the above question, three pa1ticular questions with three specific objectives are postulated. So, the first objective is to identify the determinants of the UTT in Mexico. The second objective attempts to indicate the determinants for the creation of spin-off companies. The third objective seeks to assess and measure the levels of efficiency and productivity achieved by the emerging university technology transfer units in Mexico. These three specific objectives have been empirically tested in a sample of public and private universities, and public research centers in Mexico...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Departamento de Organización de Empresas, leída el 11/12/2015