Publication: El derecho eléctrico español en el proceso de creación del mercado interior de la electricidad en la Unión Europea
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2017-01-19
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La energía es un sector económico esencial. Su regulación jurídica moderna es en los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea tributaria de los principios y evolución del Derecho europeo y su grado necesario de incardinación a nivel nacional. Los fundamentos, principios y técnicas de regulación que derivan del Derecho comunitario han constituido las piezas de transformación del Derecho eléctrico español, a través principalmente de la elaboración de sus normas de cabecera comunitarias que definen el proceso de creación del mercado interior de la energía en su vertiente eléctrica. Los fundamentos del Derecho europeo se expresan en su Derecho originario que explica sus bases de creación y alberga sus principios rectores en el orden económico, junto a las libertades de circulación que incorporan el proceso de integración comunitario, además de la jurisprudencia europea esencial para la formación del Derecho europeo. A partir de la adopción del Acta Única Europea, los paquetes de liberalización o apertura a la competencia sectorial de ámbitos estratégicos como el sector eléctrico, se van conformando hasta modificar sustancialmente los derechos energéticos nacionales armonizándolos en principios y técnicas a escala europea. Los ejes vertebradores de este diseño son las libertades de entrada y salida del sector, las obligaciones de servicio público y universal incorporadas en el marco y como contenido de los servicios económicos de interés general, expresión comunitaria de la moderna delimitación de los servicios públicos económicos en razón de su orientación a la libre competencia; el acceso de terceros operadores a las redes o infraestructuras eléctricas de las que no son propietarios ni titulares, y la separación de actividades industriales y comerciales por razones de regulación y transparencia. Todo ello es recogido y desarrollado gradualmente en el marco de los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales y, en el caso español, constituye las bases de creación, implementación y desenvolvimiento de un nuevo Derecho eléctrico. Este trabajo analiza, por ello, los fundamentos del Derecho europeo y su impacto en la regulación eléctrica, pero subraya muy especialmente los elementos que han definido y permitido avanzar al mercado interior de la energía...
Energy is an essential economic sector. Its modern legal regulation, in the Member States of the European Union, contributes to the principles and evolution of European Law and its necessary degree of incardination on a national level. The regulation foundations, principles and techniques that result from Community law have constituted the components of the transformation of the Spanish electric power law, primarily through the development of its community standards which define the process of creating the internal energy market, in its electrical aspect. The European law foundations are expressed in the Primary law that explains the bases of its creation and harbors its guiding principles in the economic order, with the freedoms of movement that incorporate the community integration process, and also the essential European jurisprudence for the shaping of the European law. Since the adoption of the Single European Act, liberalization packages or the aperture to the sectorial competition of strategic fields like the power industry, set up until substantially modifying the national energy rights harmonizing them in principles and techniques at European scale. The main axis of this plan is the freedom of entrance and exit into the sector, the public and universal service commitments incorporated in the framework and as part of the general interest economic services, community expression of the economic public service modern delimitation due to its focus on free competition; the access of third party operators to the power lines and infrastructures of which they are not either owners or holders, and the division of industrial and commercial activities for regulation and transparency reasons. All this is gathered and developed gradually in the national legal system framework and, in the case of Spain, it constitutes the basis for the creation, implementation and performance of a new Electric Power Law. This essay reviews the European law foundations and its impact in electric regulation, but especially highlights the elements that have defined and allowed to progress the internal energy market...
Energy is an essential economic sector. Its modern legal regulation, in the Member States of the European Union, contributes to the principles and evolution of European Law and its necessary degree of incardination on a national level. The regulation foundations, principles and techniques that result from Community law have constituted the components of the transformation of the Spanish electric power law, primarily through the development of its community standards which define the process of creating the internal energy market, in its electrical aspect. The European law foundations are expressed in the Primary law that explains the bases of its creation and harbors its guiding principles in the economic order, with the freedoms of movement that incorporate the community integration process, and also the essential European jurisprudence for the shaping of the European law. Since the adoption of the Single European Act, liberalization packages or the aperture to the sectorial competition of strategic fields like the power industry, set up until substantially modifying the national energy rights harmonizing them in principles and techniques at European scale. The main axis of this plan is the freedom of entrance and exit into the sector, the public and universal service commitments incorporated in the framework and as part of the general interest economic services, community expression of the economic public service modern delimitation due to its focus on free competition; the access of third party operators to the power lines and infrastructures of which they are not either owners or holders, and the division of industrial and commercial activities for regulation and transparency reasons. All this is gathered and developed gradually in the national legal system framework and, in the case of Spain, it constitutes the basis for the creation, implementation and performance of a new Electric Power Law. This essay reviews the European law foundations and its impact in electric regulation, but especially highlights the elements that have defined and allowed to progress the internal energy market...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Administrativo, leída el 14/01/2016