Publication: La criónica patrimonial: ¿no tocar para preservar?
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2015
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones
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Abstract
En la mayoría de las prácticas de protección y conservación del patrimonio mundial material se ha optado por remover el edificio, monumento o sitio en cuestión de su contexto de uso, implementando regulaciones que prohíben cualquier tipo de intervención humana, negando de esta manera su activa “participación” dentro del contexto actual y futuro. En el caso del patrimonio inmaterial, o prácticas culturales tradicionales, se asume también un principio estático, que no permite la modificación de estas prácticas, o dando lugar a rencillas sobre cuál es la forma “original” de la práctica. Considerando que una de las características principales de la cultura y agencia humana es el dinamismo, el patrimonio en cuestión queda como un elemento fijo, removiéndolo de reinterpretaciones y nuevas creaciones culturales surgidas de estos elementos. ¿Cómo entonces podemos reinyectar de dinamismo tanto monumentos como prácticas culturales? ¿Cómo mantenemos un patrimonio vivo, activo en los contextos de uso cotidiano, afectos a la crítica consciente y a las reinterpretaciones por parte de las personas que los viven/frecuentan? ¿Cómo mantenemos presente la agencia humana como creadora de estos patrimonios? El patrimonio material congelado en el tiempo, que puede mirarse pero no tocarse pierde propósito; se transforma en el fachadismo que tanto se critica. Y el patrimonio inmaterial congelado en el tiempo, que puede practicarse solamente de la manera en que se lo describió e inscribió, pierde su vigencia y atenta contra la capacidad creativa frente a nuevos materiales y circunstancias. Se discuten aquí los problemas inherentes a la criónica patrimonial, su anclaje al sistema económico actual, y algunas posibles vías de escape.
In most protection and conservation practices on tangible world heritage, the alternative has been to remove the building, monument or site in question from its context of use. The latter implies the implementation of regulations that prohibit any human intervention on the monument, denying in this way its active participation within the current and future context. In the case of intangible heritage or traditional cultural practices, a static principle has also been assumed, which does not allow the modification of these practices, or gives way to conflicts over the ‘original’ form of the practice. Considering that one of the foremost features of culture and human agency is dynamism, heritage acquires a fixed status instead, removing it from reinterpretations and new cultural creations emerging from this element. Thus, how can we bring dynamism into both monuments and cultural practices? How do we keep a lively heritage, active in the quotidian contexts of use, affected to conscious criticism and reinterpretations on behalf of the people that live/visit them? How do we keep present that human agency is the creator of heritage? Tangible heritage frozen in time, which can be viewed but not touched loses its purpose; it becomes the ‘façadism’ we so much despise. And intangible heritage frozen in time, which can only be practised in the ways described and inscribed, loses its validity and constitutes a threat to the creative capacities in the face of new materials and circumstances. The problems inherent to heritage cryonics and its anchor to the current economic model are herein discussed, as also possible alternative paths.
In most protection and conservation practices on tangible world heritage, the alternative has been to remove the building, monument or site in question from its context of use. The latter implies the implementation of regulations that prohibit any human intervention on the monument, denying in this way its active participation within the current and future context. In the case of intangible heritage or traditional cultural practices, a static principle has also been assumed, which does not allow the modification of these practices, or gives way to conflicts over the ‘original’ form of the practice. Considering that one of the foremost features of culture and human agency is dynamism, heritage acquires a fixed status instead, removing it from reinterpretations and new cultural creations emerging from this element. Thus, how can we bring dynamism into both monuments and cultural practices? How do we keep a lively heritage, active in the quotidian contexts of use, affected to conscious criticism and reinterpretations on behalf of the people that live/visit them? How do we keep present that human agency is the creator of heritage? Tangible heritage frozen in time, which can be viewed but not touched loses its purpose; it becomes the ‘façadism’ we so much despise. And intangible heritage frozen in time, which can only be practised in the ways described and inscribed, loses its validity and constitutes a threat to the creative capacities in the face of new materials and circumstances. The problems inherent to heritage cryonics and its anchor to the current economic model are herein discussed, as also possible alternative paths.