Publication: Comunicación de crisis en los gabinetes de prensa sanitarios. Análisis de la producción periodística y de la información publicada sobre la gripe A
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2017-03-27
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como meta analizar el funcionamiento de la comunicación de una crisis sanitaria, en concreto, de la surgida en torno a la gripe A. Hemos elegido esta enfermedad por ser una de las que más noticias ha generado en los últimos años y porque ha pasado el tiempo suficiente desde su finalización como para que pueda ser estudiada con mayor distancia y objetividad. El H1N1 surgió como un virus desconocido y contagioso que despertó temor y curiosidad en la opinión pública, lo que a su vez hizo que se convirtiera en el foco de atención de los medios de comunicación y, en consecuencia, de los gabinetes de prensa gubernamentales. Este interés social originó también la producción de múltiples contenidos bibliográficos, tanto mediáticos como científicos, por lo que era necesario concretar la investigación para que ésta aportara valor a lo estudiado por otros autores. De este modo se decidió analizar la comunicación realizada durante la crisis sanitaria desde el mes de abril del año 2009 al mes de enero del año 2010, a través de las noticias publicadas en dos cabeceras de prensa escrita y de las declaraciones de los protagonistas activos de la acción comunicativa de la misma, dándole además un doble enfoque: nacional y autonómico. Así se eligieron los siguientes objetos de estudio materiales: El País, El Norte de Castilla, el Ministerio de Sanidad, la Consejería de Sanidad de la Junta de Castilla y León y el Centro Nacional de la Gripe, y se concretaron en el análisis de 605 noticias y nueve entrevistas. Este material se presenta precedido de un marco teórico en el que se abordan conceptos como salud pública y crisis, se analizan los procesos comunicativos y se profundiza en la gripe A desde un punto de vista epidemiológico y cronológico...
This thesis aims to analyze the way communication works in a health crisis, namely the influenza. This disease is one of the most covered by the media lately and the time after its peak is enough to approach this topic from a well-grounded perspective. The previously unknown and contagious H1N1 virus raised the public opinion’s fear and curiosity, leading up to a priority attention granted by the media and, consequently, by the Governmental press offices. This social interest fostered a lot of content regarding this issue, so this research aspires to bring added value to these contributions. In order to do so, this health crisis communication was studied from April 2009 until January 2010 by means of a content analysis of the news stories published in two newspapers and by in-depth interviews with some of the main protagonists in this process. This approach also combined the national focus with the regional scope. El País and El Norte de Castilla were the two newspapers under observation, whereas the Health Counsil of the Regional Government of Castilla y León and the National Centre of Influenza became the two selected actors for exploring their communication strategies and tactics around this crisis, leading to a corpus of 605 news stories and nine interviews. All this empirical support is preceded by a theoretical background where concepts like public health or crisis are central, where the main communication processes are reviewed and where an epidemiologic and chronologic presentation of the influenza is provided to the readership...
This thesis aims to analyze the way communication works in a health crisis, namely the influenza. This disease is one of the most covered by the media lately and the time after its peak is enough to approach this topic from a well-grounded perspective. The previously unknown and contagious H1N1 virus raised the public opinion’s fear and curiosity, leading up to a priority attention granted by the media and, consequently, by the Governmental press offices. This social interest fostered a lot of content regarding this issue, so this research aspires to bring added value to these contributions. In order to do so, this health crisis communication was studied from April 2009 until January 2010 by means of a content analysis of the news stories published in two newspapers and by in-depth interviews with some of the main protagonists in this process. This approach also combined the national focus with the regional scope. El País and El Norte de Castilla were the two newspapers under observation, whereas the Health Counsil of the Regional Government of Castilla y León and the National Centre of Influenza became the two selected actors for exploring their communication strategies and tactics around this crisis, leading to a corpus of 605 news stories and nine interviews. All this empirical support is preceded by a theoretical background where concepts like public health or crisis are central, where the main communication processes are reviewed and where an epidemiologic and chronologic presentation of the influenza is provided to the readership...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, leída el 14/06/2016