Publication: La imposibilidad de suspensión de los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales durante los estados de excepción en Colombia: análisis desde el derecho constitucional e internacional de los derechos humanos
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2017-06-08
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Con esta tesis se busca demostrar el camino que ha tenido que recorrer la Corte Constitucional, para proteger los derechos humanos, durante los estados de excepción, toda vez que el contenido de los mismos, su interpretación y alcance fueron una carencia histórica durante la Constitución de 1886, se podría afirmar incluso, que en aquella época “Colombia vivió en un estado de sitio permanente”. No obstante, desde que se promulgó la Constitución de 1991, gracias al protagonismo judicial que ha tenido la Corte Constitucional para reconocer y proteger los derechos humanos más alla de teorías importadas, utilizando una especie de constitucionalismo criollo, no solo ha definido un nuevo concepto de derechos fundamentales a partir de la dignidad, ampliando la protección del contenido de ciertos derechos sociales, y de los derechos colectivos, sino que la aplicación del test de proporcionalidad en sentido estricto, frente a los decretos legislativos expedidos durante los estados de excepción, ha puesto una barrera infranqueable para que el Ejecutivo se abstenga de utilizar este mecanismo para suspender los derechos de los ciudadanos en aras de salvaguardar las razones de estado. Por lo anterior, y dado de que el uso desmedido del estado de excepción no solo afecta a Colombia, sino que en la actualidad, esta figura se ha desnaturalizado en distintos países del mundo, convirtiendo lo “anormal” en “regla”, este trabajo es interesante para el derecho constitucional y el derecho comparado en la medida en que Colombia sería un ejemplo a seguir por otros países para acabar con el uso abusivo de los estados de excepción.
This Thesis seeks to demonstrate the road the Constitutional Court has had to travel in order to protect human rights during states of emergency, since the content thereof, interpretation and scope were a historical deprivation during the 1886 Constitution, one could even say that at that time “Colombia lived in a permanent state of siege”. However, since the 1991 Constitution was enacted, and thanks to the judicial prominence had by the Constitutional Court to recognize and protect human rights beyond imported theories, using a kind of Creole constitutionalism, it has not only defined a new concept from fundamental rights of dignity, extending the protection of the contents of certain social rights, and collective rights, but that the application of the proportionality test in the strict sense, against the legislative decrees issued during states of emergency, has placed an insurmountable barrier so that the executive refrains from using this mechanism to suspend the rights of citizens in order to safeguard the reasons of the state. Therefore, given that the excessive use of state of emergency not only affects Colombia, but today, this figure has been denatured in countries around the world, making it “abnormal” to “rule”, this work is interesting for constitutional law and comparative law to the extent that Colombia would be an example for other countries to end the abusive use of states of emergency.
This Thesis seeks to demonstrate the road the Constitutional Court has had to travel in order to protect human rights during states of emergency, since the content thereof, interpretation and scope were a historical deprivation during the 1886 Constitution, one could even say that at that time “Colombia lived in a permanent state of siege”. However, since the 1991 Constitution was enacted, and thanks to the judicial prominence had by the Constitutional Court to recognize and protect human rights beyond imported theories, using a kind of Creole constitutionalism, it has not only defined a new concept from fundamental rights of dignity, extending the protection of the contents of certain social rights, and collective rights, but that the application of the proportionality test in the strict sense, against the legislative decrees issued during states of emergency, has placed an insurmountable barrier so that the executive refrains from using this mechanism to suspend the rights of citizens in order to safeguard the reasons of the state. Therefore, given that the excessive use of state of emergency not only affects Colombia, but today, this figure has been denatured in countries around the world, making it “abnormal” to “rule”, this work is interesting for constitutional law and comparative law to the extent that Colombia would be an example for other countries to end the abusive use of states of emergency.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Constitucional, leída el 30-11-2015