Publication: Nivel de abstracción de los problemas aritméticos en alumnos urbanos y rurales
Loading...
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2007
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Comité Latinoamericano de Matemática Educativa
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
En este estudio se analiza la incidencia que tiene el grado de abstracción en la resolución de problemas de adición y sustracción en alumnos urbanos y rurales. La muestra se formó con 192 alumnos de primero a cuarto año de educación primaria; el 50% pertenecía a un contexto rural y el 50% restante a un contexto urbano de México. Las tareas empíricas consistieron en resolver problemas aritméticos con objetos, dibujos, algoritmos y verbales. Los resultados muestran que la presencia de objetos o dibujos mejora el rendimiento de los alumnos de primero y segundo año, y baja en los de tercero. Igualmente, conviene destacar que los alumnos rurales obtienen sus mejores resultados en los problemas verbales. Las estrategias de modelado se emplean de modo parecido en todos los cursos del contexto rural, mientras que en el urbano se ocupan especialmente en primero y segundo. Los alumnos rnrales utilizan más las estrategias de conteo, y en los urbanos son más comunes las estrategias de hechos numéricos. Finalmente, se señalan algunas aplicaciones educativas a partir de los resultados de este estudio.
This study analyzes the incidence of the level of abstraction in the resolution of problems of addition and subtraction in urban and rural students. The sample was made up of 192 students from first to fourth grade of primary education; 50% came from a Mexican rural environment and the remaining 50% from a Mexican urban environment. Empirical tasks consisted in resolving arithmetical problems with objects, drawings, algorithms and verbally. The results show that the presence of objects or drawings improves performance in first and second grade students, and lowers performance in third grade students. It should also be pointed out that rural students obtained their best results in verbal problems. Modeling strategies are used in similar ways in ali the courses in the rural environment, while in an urban setting they are primarily used in first and second grades. Rural students make use of conting strategies, and urban students lean more toward using numerical facts. Finally, some educative applications will be suggested from the results of the study.
This study analyzes the incidence of the level of abstraction in the resolution of problems of addition and subtraction in urban and rural students. The sample was made up of 192 students from first to fourth grade of primary education; 50% came from a Mexican rural environment and the remaining 50% from a Mexican urban environment. Empirical tasks consisted in resolving arithmetical problems with objects, drawings, algorithms and verbally. The results show that the presence of objects or drawings improves performance in first and second grade students, and lowers performance in third grade students. It should also be pointed out that rural students obtained their best results in verbal problems. Modeling strategies are used in similar ways in ali the courses in the rural environment, while in an urban setting they are primarily used in first and second grades. Rural students make use of conting strategies, and urban students lean more toward using numerical facts. Finally, some educative applications will be suggested from the results of the study.