Publication: Rendición de cuentas en Tucumán: organismos de control y la crisis de las instituciones
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2017-06-15
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El proceso de democratización iniciado hace 32 años en Argentina, en el contexto de la tercera ola de democratización (Huntington, 1996:3), ha resultado distante de los estándares clásicos de las democracias contemporáneas de los países desarrollados. A medida que se advertía la persistencia de viejos estilos de liderazgo autoritarios que convivían con prácticas democráticas, una creciente corriente de estudios sobre el tema comenzó a surgir para comprender sus causas. El reconocimiento del legado histórico se reflejó en estudios representativos de ese nuevo clima de ideas. Así, el valor otorgado a la herencia autoritaria (Weffort, 1993) y las tradiciones plebiscitarias y presidencialistas (ÓDonnell, 1991; Nino, 1992), contribuyeron a identificar variables incidentes, descubrir ciertos obstáculos que impiden una plena institucionalización, y comprender la complejidad y desafíos que implicaba la construcción de la democracia. También es posible advertir grandes diferencias en los resultados de los estados subnacionales de Argentina en múltiples dimensiones de análisis: en la dimensión electoral, donde hay provincias que son más o menos competitivas y pluralistas, en el ejercicio de los derechos humanos y la democratización de las policías provinciales, en el acceso a la Justicia y la independencia de los sistemas judiciales provinciales del poder político. Se observan asimismo diferencias importantes en la concentración económica y el acceso a oportunidades de negocios, sobre todo en las provincias más chicas donde carecen de una estructura económica diversificada y la actividad económica se realiza al amparo del Estado provincial. Incluso en la concentración de los medios de comunicación hay grandes diferencias...
The democratization process initiated 32 years ago in Argentina, in the context of the third wave of democratization (Huntington, 1996: 3), has been far from the classic standards of contemporary democracies in developed countries. As the persistence of old authoritarian leadership styles that coexisted with democratic practices, growing stream of studies on the subject began to emerge to understand its causes. Recognition of the historical legacy is reflected in representative studies of this new climate of ideas. Thus, given the authoritarian legacy (Weffort, 1993) and presidential plebiscite and traditions (O'Donnell, 1991; Nino, 1992) value, helped identify variables incidents, discover certain barriers to full institutionalization, and understand the complexity and challenges involved in the construction of democracy. At the same time it is also possible to notice large differences in results in Argentina sub national states in multiple dimensions of analysis. Differences in democratic performance of the Argentina provinces can observe in different areas: in the electoral dimension, where there are provinces that are more or less competitive and pluralistic, in the exercise of human rights and democratization of the provincial police, access to justice and the independence of the provincial judicial systems of political power. Important differences in economic concentration and access to business opportunities, especially in smaller provinces lack a diversified economic structure and economic activity is carried out under the provincial government are also observed. Even in the concentration of the media there are big differences between the provinces...
The democratization process initiated 32 years ago in Argentina, in the context of the third wave of democratization (Huntington, 1996: 3), has been far from the classic standards of contemporary democracies in developed countries. As the persistence of old authoritarian leadership styles that coexisted with democratic practices, growing stream of studies on the subject began to emerge to understand its causes. Recognition of the historical legacy is reflected in representative studies of this new climate of ideas. Thus, given the authoritarian legacy (Weffort, 1993) and presidential plebiscite and traditions (O'Donnell, 1991; Nino, 1992) value, helped identify variables incidents, discover certain barriers to full institutionalization, and understand the complexity and challenges involved in the construction of democracy. At the same time it is also possible to notice large differences in results in Argentina sub national states in multiple dimensions of analysis. Differences in democratic performance of the Argentina provinces can observe in different areas: in the electoral dimension, where there are provinces that are more or less competitive and pluralistic, in the exercise of human rights and democratization of the provincial police, access to justice and the independence of the provincial judicial systems of political power. Important differences in economic concentration and access to business opportunities, especially in smaller provinces lack a diversified economic structure and economic activity is carried out under the provincial government are also observed. Even in the concentration of the media there are big differences between the provinces...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 19-10-2016