Publication: Calidad de vida en el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad: disfunción ejecutiva y comorbilidad
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2017-09-07
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es uno de los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos más comunes de inicio en la infancia con persistencia en la edad adulta hasta en el 65 % de los casos, y que genera importantes alteraciones en las diferentes áreas vitales. Se estima una prevalencia entre el 2 y el 5 % en la edad adulta (1). El diagnóstico precoz y la presencia de comorbilidad predicen significativamente la disfunción asociada al trastorno y condicionan su maduración personal, y por ende su adaptación y personalidad adulta. La etiología del TDAH aunque actualmente no del todo conocida, se sustenta en un enfoque multifactorial, y se admite que, a la alta heredabilidad (75 %), hay que añadirle una desregulación neurobiológica modulada por factores ambientales. Los criterios diagnósticos del TDAH fueron diseñados desde una perspectiva propia de la psiquiatría infantil (2) y por tanto no se basan en el estudio sistemático de adultos (3) y no es hasta la publicación del DSM-5 cuando se produce la adaptación de los criterios específicos para el adulto (4)...
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders which persist/continue into adulthood in nearly 65 % of cases, and generates significant alterations in different vital areas. Prevalence between 2 and 5 % in adulthood (1, 99) is estimated. Early diagnosis and the presence of comorbidity significantly predict dysfunction associated with the disorder and determine its personal maturity, and thus, its adaptation and adult personality. The etiology of ADHD, although currently it is not fully understood, is based on a multifactorial approach, and it is admitted that, to the high heritability (75 %) must be added a neurobiological dysregulation modulated by environmental factors. ADHD diagnostic criteria was designed from a child psychiatry perspective (2, 175) and therefore not based on the systematic study of adults (3, 242). It is not until the publication of DSM 5, when the adaptation of the specific criteria for adults (4, 67) appeared...
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders which persist/continue into adulthood in nearly 65 % of cases, and generates significant alterations in different vital areas. Prevalence between 2 and 5 % in adulthood (1, 99) is estimated. Early diagnosis and the presence of comorbidity significantly predict dysfunction associated with the disorder and determine its personal maturity, and thus, its adaptation and adult personality. The etiology of ADHD, although currently it is not fully understood, is based on a multifactorial approach, and it is admitted that, to the high heritability (75 %) must be added a neurobiological dysregulation modulated by environmental factors. ADHD diagnostic criteria was designed from a child psychiatry perspective (2, 175) and therefore not based on the systematic study of adults (3, 242). It is not until the publication of DSM 5, when the adaptation of the specific criteria for adults (4, 67) appeared...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, leída el 30-05-2016