Publication: Aplicación de la realidad aumentada para la asistencia en enseñanza médica
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2017
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Abstract
La telemedicina es una de las áreas que mejor aprovechan las nuevas tecnologías, permitiendo a pacientes contactar con médicos a miles de kilómetros de distancia, conectando cualquier lugar del planeta. Este servicio permite hoy en día conseguir un diagnóstico preciso, prescribir el tratamiento adecuado, estabilizar al paciente, decidir la necesidad de traslado y supervisar la evolución del paciente, todo esto sin tener que estar físicamente en la misma habitación.
La idea original de este TFG era solventar un problema importante que tienen las unidades desplazadas fuera de nuestras fronteras. Este problema es que existe una gran dificultad en el correcto entendimiento entre cirujanos a distancia debido a las limitaciones de la cámara cenital con la que emiten las operaciones. Dicho problema surge porque en las misiones fuera del país lo habitual es enviar a especialistas en traumatología, que es la especialidad más demandada en conflictos donde suelen desplazarse nuestras tropas. De ahí que si surgen necesidades de cirugía de otro ámbito, podría ser muy útil este tipo de tecnologías.
La idea original de poder mostrar la realidad aumentada sobre los cristales de las propias gafas es modificada porque el objetivo inicial era demasiado ambicioso, limitado por el hardware. Se pensó en empezar por algo más abarcable para continuar con la idea original si se avanzaba con el proyecto a tiempo. Así surge la necesidad de orientarlo hacia docencia.
El objetivo final de este Trabajo Fin de Grado es la realización de una aplicación de realidad aumentada para ayudar en la docencia dentro de la unidad de telemedicina. Haciendo uso de unas gafas inteligentes, se busca conseguir enviar al hospital o a un aula lo mismo que ve el cirujano en tiempo real en el quirófano. A su vez se podrían proporcionar indicaciones sobre ese vídeo para los estudiantes que están presenciando la operación, con ello se conseguiría despejar el quirófano en las operaciones mas básicas, que son las que permiten alumnos alrededor y además poder ver las más delicadas pero sin perder la visión privilegiada que tiene el cirujano y la oportunidad de aprendizaje que tanto necesitan los futuros médicos.
Telemedicine is a field where new technologies are extensively applied, enabling doctors communicate with their patients even when they are thousands of kilometers apart, connecting everywhere in Earth. Nowadays, this service allows to give an accurate diagnostic, prescribe the precise treatment, stabilize a patient, decide the need of moving the patient and supervise his progress, without needing to be in the same room. The original concept was to resolve an important issue suffered by military units sent outside our borders such as surgeries where remote assistance is needed, the image is recorded by a zenithal camera, thus increasing the difficulty in seeing and guiding for the people giving advice. This situation derives from the fact that medics sent abroad are specialised in orthopedic surgery because it is the most needed in conflicts where our troops are deployed. Therefore, if other specialities are required, this kind of technology is going to prove extremely helpfull. The initial idea of displaying AR through the smart glasses has been modified because it is overambitious given the specifications of the device. Therefore, the scope has been reduced to cover a more feasible functionality and continue with the original concept in the eventuality the development would allow it. As a result, the project is focused on teaching. The purpose of this Final Year Project is the creation of an AR application to assist in teaching for the telemedicine department. Using smartglasses, consists in sending the live image being seen directly by the surgeon at the operating theatre to the hospital or a classroom. Moreover, some instructions could be indicated over the video footage for the students watching the surgey. This way, only the necessary personnel would be present at the operating room for most simple surgeries as well as students could learn from more critical surgeries with the privileged view of the main surgeon.
Telemedicine is a field where new technologies are extensively applied, enabling doctors communicate with their patients even when they are thousands of kilometers apart, connecting everywhere in Earth. Nowadays, this service allows to give an accurate diagnostic, prescribe the precise treatment, stabilize a patient, decide the need of moving the patient and supervise his progress, without needing to be in the same room. The original concept was to resolve an important issue suffered by military units sent outside our borders such as surgeries where remote assistance is needed, the image is recorded by a zenithal camera, thus increasing the difficulty in seeing and guiding for the people giving advice. This situation derives from the fact that medics sent abroad are specialised in orthopedic surgery because it is the most needed in conflicts where our troops are deployed. Therefore, if other specialities are required, this kind of technology is going to prove extremely helpfull. The initial idea of displaying AR through the smart glasses has been modified because it is overambitious given the specifications of the device. Therefore, the scope has been reduced to cover a more feasible functionality and continue with the original concept in the eventuality the development would allow it. As a result, the project is focused on teaching. The purpose of this Final Year Project is the creation of an AR application to assist in teaching for the telemedicine department. Using smartglasses, consists in sending the live image being seen directly by the surgeon at the operating theatre to the hospital or a classroom. Moreover, some instructions could be indicated over the video footage for the students watching the surgey. This way, only the necessary personnel would be present at the operating room for most simple surgeries as well as students could learn from more critical surgeries with the privileged view of the main surgeon.
Description
Trabajo de Fin de Grado en Ingeniería de Computadores (Universidad Complutense, Facultad de Informática, curso 2016/2017)