Publication: Ejercicio físico y función reproductora en mujeres deportistas de alto nivel
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2017-10-03
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Durante las últimas décadas, el número de mujeres que practican ejercicio físico, ya sea de forma recreacional o competitiva, ha aumentado exponencialmente y como consecuencia de ello han surgido una gran cantidad de problemas en cuanto a los efectos nocivos de esta práctica sobre la función reproductora femenina. Al principio, las alteraciones menstruales eran excepcionales, pero a medida que fué aumentando el número de practicantes y el nivel de exigencia de los programas de entrenamiento, la incidencia de alteraciones también aumentó, llegando a detectarse un amplio espectro de irregularidades que abarcaban desde la insuficiencia luteínica hasta la amenorrea, pasando por los defectos de la fase lútea, oligomenorrea y anovulación. Basándonos en este antecedente, consideramos que el análisis detallado de los programas de entrenamiento, así como sus efectos sobre la composición corporal y el sistema endocrino, podría aportar nuevas respuestas sobre los mecanismos específicos que regulan la función reproductora de la mujer. Con esta intención, profundizamos en las relaciones existentes entre el deporte de alto nivel y la incidencia de irregularidades menstruales, las variaciones del porcentaje de grasa corporal y las respuestas de algunas de las principales hormonas implicadas en el control del estrés, el balance energético y la función reproductora en mujeres deportistas de élite, con especial atención al papel de la hormona leptina...
During the last decades, the number of women who practice physical exercise, either recreational or competitive, has increased exponentially, and as a result a large number of problems with regard to the harmful effects of this practice on the female reproductive function have emerged. At the beginning, the menstrual disorders were exceptional, but as an increasing number of practitioners and the level of demand for training programs, the incidence of abnormalities also increased, reaching a broad spectrum of irregularities that ranged from luteal phase defect until a complete amenorrhea, going through luteal phase defects, oligomenorrhea and anovulation. Based on this background, a detailed analysis of the training programs, as well as their effects on body composition, and the endocrine system, could provide new answers on the specific mechanisms that could interfere with the reproductive function of women. With this in mind, we have investigated the relations existing between high-level sport and the incidence of menstrual irregularities, the changes in the percentage of body fat and the responses of some of the main hormones involved in stress, energy balance and reproductive function in women elite athletes, with particular attention to the role of the hormone leptin...
During the last decades, the number of women who practice physical exercise, either recreational or competitive, has increased exponentially, and as a result a large number of problems with regard to the harmful effects of this practice on the female reproductive function have emerged. At the beginning, the menstrual disorders were exceptional, but as an increasing number of practitioners and the level of demand for training programs, the incidence of abnormalities also increased, reaching a broad spectrum of irregularities that ranged from luteal phase defect until a complete amenorrhea, going through luteal phase defects, oligomenorrhea and anovulation. Based on this background, a detailed analysis of the training programs, as well as their effects on body composition, and the endocrine system, could provide new answers on the specific mechanisms that could interfere with the reproductive function of women. With this in mind, we have investigated the relations existing between high-level sport and the incidence of menstrual irregularities, the changes in the percentage of body fat and the responses of some of the main hormones involved in stress, energy balance and reproductive function in women elite athletes, with particular attention to the role of the hormone leptin...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, leída el 21/01/2016