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Estudio piloto de validación de la técnica ángulo-presión de diagnóstico clínico en casos de desplazamiento de disco de la articulación temporomandibular frente al diagnóstico obtenido mediante imagen con resonancia magnética (Gold Standard)

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2017
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Los desplazamientos de disco (DD) de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), constituyen el motivo de consulta más frecuente de los pacientes con trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM), y su desplazamiento hacia lateral o medial, denominado componente, es clínicamente un factor pronóstico importante en su evolución. Sin embargo, actualmente su determinación sólo se puede constatar mediante resonancia magnética (RM), por ello es de suma importancia la validación de técnicas clínicas que nos permitan determinar dicho componente. La técnica ángulo-presión (TAP) fue descrita por el Dr. G. Casares en 1997, perteneciente en aquel momento al servicio de Estomatología y actualmente al de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial del Hospital General Gregorio Marañón. Desde entonces, el TAP se ha llevado a cabo en dichos servicios, mostrándose clínicamente como una maniobra válida para determinar el componente del DD de la ATM. El estudio se ha realizado sobre las historias clínicas entre los años 2010 y 2017, de los pacientes a los que el Dr. Casares realizó y valoró el resultado del TAP. Este resultado se comparará con la RM de la ATM de los mismos pacientes, cuya imagen se obtuvo posteriormente a la exploración clínica. Las RM han sido visualizadas e informadas por un operador debidamente entrenado y con adecuada formación para ello. La RM fue indicada y realizada por motivos clínicos del paciente, y nunca por motivo de este estudio. 1.1. Objetivo principal: Validar la prueba clínica TAP para determinar el componente del DD de la ATM en el plano coronal, en pacientes que han sido diagnosticados de DD. 1.2. Diseño. Estudio retrospectivo de validación de prueba diagnóstica. 1.3. Ámbito del estudio: • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial. • Facultad de Medicina. Dpto. de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Hª de la Ciencia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. • Facultad de Odontología. Dpto. Estomatología I. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 1.4. Instrumentación: • Hª Clínica de pacientes. • RM. • Hojas de recogida de datos.
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