Publication: Cognición social y procesamiento emocional en pacientes con esquizofrenia
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2018-01-10
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La esquizofrenia es un síndrome severo y crónico que presenta un conjunto de síntomas positivos, negativos y cognitivos que pueden llegar a ser muy limitantes. Aunque los antipsicóticos han mostrado ser eficaces en el tratamiento de los síntomas positivos, su eficacia es más limitada en el caso de los síntomas negativos y cognitivos. Precisamente el funcionamiento cognitivo y no la sintomatología positiva ha mostrado ser una variable predictiva de la capacidad funcional de los pacientes diagnosticados con esquizofrenia. De hecho, el funcionamiento social disminuido ha sido propuesto como rasgo distintivo y objetivo de tratamiento en la esquizofrenia. En 2009, el encuentro titulado “The Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS)” puso de relieve que además de los déficit cognitivos “fríos” (independientes del contenido emocional), los pacientes con esquizofrenia sufren a menudo problemas en el procesamiento tanto social como emocional. Uno de los niveles de estudio de la cognición social es el reconocimiento facial de emociones, que ha mostrado tener un importante papel en las interacciones sociales. Según la literatura existente, los pacientes con esquizofrenia muestran limitaciones en su capacidad para interpretar estas señales emocionales. Sin embargo, existe poco consenso acerca de la causa, la naturaleza y las consecuencias de estas limitaciones. Con los estudios presentados en esta tesis esperamos poder aportar resultados de interés para un mayor conocimiento en este ámbito de investigación...
Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe syndrome manifested through a set of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms that can be very disabling. Although the second-generation antipsychotic drugs are effective in treating positive symptoms, the efficacy against negative and cognitive symptoms is not nearly as good as it should be. Precisely, cognitive functioning, and not positive symptoms, had significant concurrent and predictive relationships with functional outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. In fact, the poor social functioning has been proposed as a hallmark and also treatment target of the disorder. The “Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS)” meeting (2009) pointed out that in addition to “cold” (emotion-independent) cognitive deficits, people with schizophrenia often present prominent deficits in social and emotional processing. One level of study of social cognition is facial affect recognition, which has shown to play an important role in social interaction. According to literature, patients with schizophrenia experience limitations in their ability to interpret those emotional signals. There is however less consensus about the cause, nature and outcome of these limitations. With the studies presented in this thesis we would like to fill in some way the existing gaps on this matter...
Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe syndrome manifested through a set of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms that can be very disabling. Although the second-generation antipsychotic drugs are effective in treating positive symptoms, the efficacy against negative and cognitive symptoms is not nearly as good as it should be. Precisely, cognitive functioning, and not positive symptoms, had significant concurrent and predictive relationships with functional outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. In fact, the poor social functioning has been proposed as a hallmark and also treatment target of the disorder. The “Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS)” meeting (2009) pointed out that in addition to “cold” (emotion-independent) cognitive deficits, people with schizophrenia often present prominent deficits in social and emotional processing. One level of study of social cognition is facial affect recognition, which has shown to play an important role in social interaction. According to literature, patients with schizophrenia experience limitations in their ability to interpret those emotional signals. There is however less consensus about the cause, nature and outcome of these limitations. With the studies presented in this thesis we would like to fill in some way the existing gaps on this matter...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 23-06-2017.