Publication: Efectos neuro y hepatoprotector del silicio y su aplicación como ingrediente funcional
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2018-01-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El silicio es un micronutriente esencial con multitud de efectos sobre diferentes células y tejidos animales. Sin embargo, muchos de sus mecanismos son todavía desconocidos. Además, a pesar de que en la actualidad hay un interés creciente por el silicio, los estudios poblacionales son escasos y por tanto no se ha llegado a un consenso para fijar su ingesta de referencia. El silicio de la dieta procede fundamentalmente del agua, aunque también se encuentra en cantidades relativamente elevadas en la cerveza, café, y alimentos de origen vegetal. Su biodisponibilidad difiere enormemente de unos alimentos a otros y depende de la forma química en la que se encuentre. A su vez, la concentración de silicio en el agua es tremendamente variable entre zonas geográficas, y dependiente del silicio del suelo. Por otra parte, debido al ciclo biogeoquímico que presenta, la concentración de silicio disponible para los seres vivos es progresivamente más baja. Todo ello sugiere la necesidad de establecer una ingesta de referencia que permita detectar grupos de población con ingestas sub-óptimas que podrían beneficiarse de una suplementación adecuada. Entre los efectos más importantes del silicio destacan los relacionados con a) la salud ósea y prevención de osteoporosis; b) la mejora de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) por la capacidad del silicio para reducir los niveles tóxicos de aluminio en los tejidos; y c) la reducción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) y de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Los beneficios del silicio están, por tanto, ligados a enfermedades crónico-degenerativas muy prevalentes en los países desarrollados, asociadas al proceso de envejecimiento. Además, se ha observado una disminución de silicio en los tejidos relacionada con la edad, que sugiere que las personas de edad avanzada podrían beneficiarse especialmente del consumo adecuado de este mineral...
Silicon is an essential micronutrient displaying many associated effects in different animal cells and tissues. Nonetheless, many of its mechanisms are still unknown. Despite growing interest in silicon properties, epidemiological studies are scarce and hence there is no consensus on reference intakes. The main source of dietary silicon is tap water, although beer, coffee, and plant foods also contain substantial concentrations. The concentration of silicon in water varies between geographical areas and depends on the concentration found in the soil. In addition, due to the characteristics of its biogeochemical cycle, the available silicon concentrations for living organisms are becoming progressively smaller. All this indicates a need to establish silicon reference intakes, so as to be able to detect populations with sub-optimal consumption which could benefit from supplementation. The most important benefits of silicon are: a) bone health and prevention of osteoporosis; b) amelioration of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) due to the ability of silicon to limit toxic aluminium levels; and, c) reduction of risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Thus, the benefits of silicon appear to lie in the sphere of chronic diseases, which are highly prevalent in developed countries and are associated with ageing. In this regard, it has been reported that silicon levels decrease with age, suggesting that consumption of this mineral could be especially beneficial in aged people...
Silicon is an essential micronutrient displaying many associated effects in different animal cells and tissues. Nonetheless, many of its mechanisms are still unknown. Despite growing interest in silicon properties, epidemiological studies are scarce and hence there is no consensus on reference intakes. The main source of dietary silicon is tap water, although beer, coffee, and plant foods also contain substantial concentrations. The concentration of silicon in water varies between geographical areas and depends on the concentration found in the soil. In addition, due to the characteristics of its biogeochemical cycle, the available silicon concentrations for living organisms are becoming progressively smaller. All this indicates a need to establish silicon reference intakes, so as to be able to detect populations with sub-optimal consumption which could benefit from supplementation. The most important benefits of silicon are: a) bone health and prevention of osteoporosis; b) amelioration of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) due to the ability of silicon to limit toxic aluminium levels; and, c) reduction of risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Thus, the benefits of silicon appear to lie in the sphere of chronic diseases, which are highly prevalent in developed countries and are associated with ageing. In this regard, it has been reported that silicon levels decrease with age, suggesting that consumption of this mineral could be especially beneficial in aged people...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), leída el 11-11-2016