Publication: La fracturación hidráulica (fracking)
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Publication Date
2015-01
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Colegio de Notarial de Madrid
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Abstract
La fracturación hidráulica es una técnica conocida y utilizada industrialmente desde hace casi setenta años, pero en las dos últimas décadas ha experimentado un avance espectacular.Trata de explotar los denominados “hidrocarburos no convencionales”: estos recursos pueden contribuir a la seguridad energética global de modo sostenible y rentable; además, pueden contribuir a reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Sin embargo, recientemente se ha desarrollado una preocupación social sobre los efectos ambientales y sociales que pueden causar tales explotaciones, contaminando el subsuelo y los acuíferos subterráneos de aguas potables. No obstante, la fracturación se realiza a una profundidad mucho mayor que la de los acuíferos y, si se aplican las prácticas adecuadas de perforación y cementación de los pozos, no deberían verse afectados. Se discuten brevemente las técnicas empleadas, las principales objeciones y el impacto económico mundial de su uso a gran escala
Hydraulic fracturing operation has been known and used in industry for almost 70 years, but it has boomed in the last two decades. It intends to develop and produce natural gas from unconventional hydrocarbons; these resources can contribute affordably to global energy security; besides they can help to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. However, there is recent social concern about potential environmental and community impacts of unconventional operations upon underground contamination, particularly water aquifers. As hydraulic fracturing is performed thousands of metres below the maximum depth of aquifers, if the correct techniques are applied during drilling and cementation of wells, the risk of contamination is almost negligible. A brief discussion of the techniques used, the main objections raised, and the global economic impact of their massive use is presented
Hydraulic fracturing operation has been known and used in industry for almost 70 years, but it has boomed in the last two decades. It intends to develop and produce natural gas from unconventional hydrocarbons; these resources can contribute affordably to global energy security; besides they can help to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. However, there is recent social concern about potential environmental and community impacts of unconventional operations upon underground contamination, particularly water aquifers. As hydraulic fracturing is performed thousands of metres below the maximum depth of aquifers, if the correct techniques are applied during drilling and cementation of wells, the risk of contamination is almost negligible. A brief discussion of the techniques used, the main objections raised, and the global economic impact of their massive use is presented