Publication: Un análisis el impacto económico de las importaciones a China desde África
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2018-01-22
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Desde su apertura económica en 1978, China ha estado creciendo a ritmos del 10 por ciento anual de media. Estas reformas económicas y el aumento de la población durante este periodo han llevado al país asiático a la necesidad de buscar recursos más allá de sus fronteras. Por otro lado, a mediados del S-XX se produjo la descolonización de África, y muchos de los países se vieron envueltos en guerras civiles que dejaron el continente en la ruina. China ha visto en África un buen socio para poder obtener estos recursos que tanto necesita para poder mantener su hegemonía en el mundo y África ha visto en el país asiático un buen socio para su desarrollo económico, es decir, las relaciones entre ambas regiones han estado marcadas por la necesidad de recursos de China por imposibilidad de obtenerlos dentro de sus fronteras y la necesidad de África de un socio comercial. El objetivo de esta tesis es ver cómo la evolución de la economía del país asiático afecta a las exportaciones de los nueve principales países exportadores a China. Estos países son Angola, Congo, Guinea Ecuatorial, Ghana, Nigeria, Sudáfrica, R.D del Congo, Zambia y Sudán del Sur, ya que estos representan en torno al 85 por ciento de las exportaciones de África hacia China. Estas exportaciones de África a China se han comparado con las exportaciones de África al resto del mundo y con el resto de componentes del PIB de los países africanos, con el fin de poder analizar todas las variables que afectan a las economías de estos nueve países. Las conclusiones generales fueron que las variaciones del PIB de China provocan mayores variaciones en las importaciones con origen en África que a las importaciones con origen en el resto del mundo, lo que indica la dependencia de África del crecimiento de China. Respecto a las exportaciones de China, el resultado obtenido fue que este crecimiento del PIB del país asiático provoca mayores variaciones en las exportaciones al resto del mundo que en las exportaciones hacia África, lo que significa la escasa influencia de estas exportaciones en la economía del continente africano...
Since its economic opening in 1978, China has been growing at rates of 10 percent per year on average. These economic reforms and population growth during this period have led the Asian country to the need to search resources beyond its borders. On the other hand, in the middle of the 20 century, the decolonization of Africa took place, and many of the countries were involved in civil wars that left the continent devastated. China has seen a good partner in Africa to obtain these resources that it needs so much to maintain its hegemony in the world and Africa has seen in the Asian country a good partner for its economic development. The relations between both regions have been marked by China's need of resources because of the limits to get them within its borders and the need of Africa of a trading partner. The aim of this thesis is to see how the evolution of the economy of the Asian country affects to the exports of the nine main exporting countries to China. These countries are Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, DR Congo, Zambia and South Sudan, which represents about 85 percent of Africa's exports to China. These exports from Africa to China have been compared to exports from Africa to the rest of the world and to the rest of GDP components of African countries in order to be able to analyze all the variables that affect the economies of these nine countries. The general conclusions were that the changes in China's GDP cause greater variations in the imports from Africa than in the imports from the rest of the world, meaning the Africa's dependence on China's growth. In terms of Chinás exports, the result was that this GDP growth in the Asian country causes greater variations in exports to the rest of the world than in the exports to Africa, which means the limited influence of these exports on the continent's economy...
Since its economic opening in 1978, China has been growing at rates of 10 percent per year on average. These economic reforms and population growth during this period have led the Asian country to the need to search resources beyond its borders. On the other hand, in the middle of the 20 century, the decolonization of Africa took place, and many of the countries were involved in civil wars that left the continent devastated. China has seen a good partner in Africa to obtain these resources that it needs so much to maintain its hegemony in the world and Africa has seen in the Asian country a good partner for its economic development. The relations between both regions have been marked by China's need of resources because of the limits to get them within its borders and the need of Africa of a trading partner. The aim of this thesis is to see how the evolution of the economy of the Asian country affects to the exports of the nine main exporting countries to China. These countries are Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, DR Congo, Zambia and South Sudan, which represents about 85 percent of Africa's exports to China. These exports from Africa to China have been compared to exports from Africa to the rest of the world and to the rest of GDP components of African countries in order to be able to analyze all the variables that affect the economies of these nine countries. The general conclusions were that the changes in China's GDP cause greater variations in the imports from Africa than in the imports from the rest of the world, meaning the Africa's dependence on China's growth. In terms of Chinás exports, the result was that this GDP growth in the Asian country causes greater variations in exports to the rest of the world than in the exports to Africa, which means the limited influence of these exports on the continent's economy...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, leída el 22-06-2017