Publication: Funcionamiento psicológico y contexto sociocultural de niños latinos de segunda generación
Loading...
Files
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2018-03-06
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
En Estados Unidos, la población de origen latino es la que presenta una mayor tasa de crecimiento (Stepler & Brown, 2016) y se estima que para el año 2050, un tercio de la población estadounidense será latina (US Census Bureau, 2008). A pesar de esta estimación demográfica, en un reciente estudio metaanalítico en el que se revisaron más de 1000 artículos científicos se estimó que menos de un 3% de los estudios analizados se centraron en el análisis de la situación de los menores de origen latino (Rodriguez & Morrobel, 2004). Asimismo, la comunidad latina parece estar en contacto directo con diversos factores de riesgo, entre ellos el vivir en una situación de extrema adversidad económica y el residir en barrios segregados con elevados índices de violencia y criminalidad (Burr, Mutchler, & Gerst-Emerson, 2013). Al mismo tiempo, los menores presentan la mayor tasa de abandono escolar de todos los grupos minoritarios establecidos en EE.UU y los padres manifiestan a nivel general un pobre nivel de involucración y coordinación con los centros escolares (Leidy, Guerra, & Toro, 2012). Esta situación de alta dificultad socio-económica parece aumentar el estrés familiar, lo que afecta también negativamente al estilo parental de los padres y al desarrollo mental de los niños (Brooks- Gunn, Duncan, & Maritato, 1997). Todas estas características familiares y sociales en su conjunto constituyen un ambiente de riesgo para la salud física y mental de los menores. Por ese motivo, será de suma importancia identificar factores de protección que permitan a los niños afrontar las dificultades inherentes a crecer en un ambiente de dificultad socioeconómica y de pertenencia a un grupo minoritario. Así, en la presente Memoria se pretende describir la situación de las familias de origen dominicano y mexicano en la ciudad de Nueva York, y analizar el efecto protector que distintos factores familiares (parentalidad y apoyo social) e individuales (identidad étnica) pueden ejercer sobre la salud mental de los niños en su primaria infancia...
In the United States, the Latino population present the highest rate of growth (Stepler & Brown, 2016) and it is believed that one third of the population will be of Latino origin by 2050 (US Census Bureau, 2008). Despite this estimation, a recent metaanalytic review of more than 1000 scientific studies showed that less than 3 % of the studies focused on the situation of Latino children (Rodriguez & Morrobel, 2004). Latino population seems to be in contact with several risk factors including living in circumstances of economic adversity and in segregated neighborhoods with high rates of violence and criminality (Burr, Mutchler, & Gerst-Emerson, 2013). At the same time, Latino children present the highest rate of school dropout among all minority groups in the U.S. and their parents show low involvement and participation with schools (Leidy et al., 2012). This socio-economic adversity situation seems to increase family stress, which may have an impact on parenting style and children mental development (Brooks-Gunn, Duncan, & Maritato, 1997). These familial and social characteristics represent a risk environment for the mental and physical health of the children. Thus, it would be important to identify protective factors that help children face the difficulties of growing up in a high socioeconomic adversity context and being part of a minority group. For this reason, in this dissertation we aimed to describe the situation of Dominican and Mexican-origin families in New York City and to analyze the protective effect that some family (e.g., parenting and social support) and individual factors (ethnic identity) may have on the mental health of young children...
In the United States, the Latino population present the highest rate of growth (Stepler & Brown, 2016) and it is believed that one third of the population will be of Latino origin by 2050 (US Census Bureau, 2008). Despite this estimation, a recent metaanalytic review of more than 1000 scientific studies showed that less than 3 % of the studies focused on the situation of Latino children (Rodriguez & Morrobel, 2004). Latino population seems to be in contact with several risk factors including living in circumstances of economic adversity and in segregated neighborhoods with high rates of violence and criminality (Burr, Mutchler, & Gerst-Emerson, 2013). At the same time, Latino children present the highest rate of school dropout among all minority groups in the U.S. and their parents show low involvement and participation with schools (Leidy et al., 2012). This socio-economic adversity situation seems to increase family stress, which may have an impact on parenting style and children mental development (Brooks-Gunn, Duncan, & Maritato, 1997). These familial and social characteristics represent a risk environment for the mental and physical health of the children. Thus, it would be important to identify protective factors that help children face the difficulties of growing up in a high socioeconomic adversity context and being part of a minority group. For this reason, in this dissertation we aimed to describe the situation of Dominican and Mexican-origin families in New York City and to analyze the protective effect that some family (e.g., parenting and social support) and individual factors (ethnic identity) may have on the mental health of young children...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 03-02-2017