Publication: Visualización hiper-dimensional en la investigación sobre la detección de la mentira
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2018-03-08
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Se han investigado bastantes procedimientos para la detección de la mentira. Estos estudios se han centrado en distintos aspectos, como las respuestas psicofisiológicas, indicadores conductuales o el contenido de las declaraciones. Es un campo de interés teórico para la Psicología y de gran importancia aplicada, especialmente en el ámbito judicial. A pesar de estos esfuerzos, los porcentajes obtenidos de clasificación correcta de declaraciones, en los estudios dedicados al contenido de las mismas, no tienen la calidad científica esperada. El nivel medio alcanzado está en torno a un 70% de clasificaciones correctas. El objetivo perseguido en esta investigación ha sido doble: por un lado, el de mejorar la comprensión de los procesos psicológicos implicados y, por otro, el del perfeccionamiento de las clasificaciones correctas de las declaraciones. Esta investigación se centra en el análisis del contenido de las declaraciones, en el marco del modelo de Control de la Realidad, bajo la concepción teórica de que los relatos veraces y los falsos son resultado de procesos psicológicos diferentes. Esos procesos producirán características distintas en las declaraciones. Se propone aquí contrastar la concepción teórica de que los modelos explicativos necesarios deben ser complejos. Este supuesto implica que los métodos de análisis de datos deben poder captar esa complejidad, a fin de aprovechar la información de distintos tipos de patrones de organización de los datos, contemplando que algunas variables pueden distribuirse normalmente y otras de acuerdo a otros patrones...
Research was carried out on many procedures targeting lie detection. Several outcome types have been analyzed, such as psychophysiological responses, behavioral cues and testimonies content. It is an interesting field within Psychology. It is also of great relevance for applied areas, mainly for law and justice. In spite of many scientific efforts, the percentage of correct classification of testimonies, based on content analysis studies, is not at the scientifically expected quality level. Average level obtained for correct classification of testimonies is about 70%. This research targets an improved understanding of the psychological processes involved, linked to an improvement of correct classification of testimonies. The current research is devoted to the study of different kinds of testimonies, taking into account the "Reality Monitoring" model, and under the theoretical assumption that true and false statements are the outcome of different psychological processes. Different processes will determine different statement features. It is assumed that complex explanation models are required in this situation. This assumption implies that data analysis methods must be able to detect such complexity in order to use information of varied data organization patterns, some of which being normally distributed while some others are fitted to other distribution patterns. It means that it could be found useful information among the variables that do not show statistically significant differences...
Research was carried out on many procedures targeting lie detection. Several outcome types have been analyzed, such as psychophysiological responses, behavioral cues and testimonies content. It is an interesting field within Psychology. It is also of great relevance for applied areas, mainly for law and justice. In spite of many scientific efforts, the percentage of correct classification of testimonies, based on content analysis studies, is not at the scientifically expected quality level. Average level obtained for correct classification of testimonies is about 70%. This research targets an improved understanding of the psychological processes involved, linked to an improvement of correct classification of testimonies. The current research is devoted to the study of different kinds of testimonies, taking into account the "Reality Monitoring" model, and under the theoretical assumption that true and false statements are the outcome of different psychological processes. Different processes will determine different statement features. It is assumed that complex explanation models are required in this situation. This assumption implies that data analysis methods must be able to detect such complexity in order to use information of varied data organization patterns, some of which being normally distributed while some others are fitted to other distribution patterns. It means that it could be found useful information among the variables that do not show statistically significant differences...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, leída el 18-12-2017