Publication: Correlación etiológica entre factores ambientales y patología respiratoria aguda en la infancia en el municipio de Alcalá de Henares
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2018-04-18
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La población infantil representa uno de los colectivos de riesgo con mayor vulnerabilidad frente a los factores ambientales propios del entorno en el que vive, debido a la inmadurez fisiológica y al carácter crítico de su desarrollo físico y mental. La incidencia de patologías respiratorias entre la población pediátrica ha aumentado significativamente en los últimos años, apuntándose la deficiente calidad del aire que se respira en los núcleos urbanos como una de las principales causas de dicho incremento. El presente trabajo es un estudio epidemiológico restrospectivo de series temporales, que se ha llevado a cabo para comprobar los efectos que los diferentes factores ambientales atmosféricos tienen sobre la salud infantil, en particular patologías de tipo respiratorio, en una gran ciudad como el municipio de Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), durante el año 2010. Para ello, se evaluó la posible influencia de parámetros de tipo meteorológico (temperatura, humedad relativa, viento), de contaminación química (SO2, CO, NOx, PM10 y O3) y contaminación biológica (pólenes y esporas) sobre patologías de tipo respiratorio, empleando la variable clínica Nº. Visitas a los Servicios de Urgencias del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. Se trata de una iniciativa singular, ya que la mayoría de las referencias bibliográficas encontradas hacen hincapié en partes concretas de la problemática, pero adolecen de una visión conjunta como la que se plantea en el presente estudio...
Child population is considered a high-risk group in terms of vulnerability against the specific environmental factors of the ecosystem where they live, physiological immaturity and critical nature of its physical and psychical growth representing the key issues of such particular behaviour. The incidence of respiratory diseases and conditions has been shown to follow an increasing trend during recent decades as a consequence, among others, of the lessened air quality indicators measured in the atmosphere of many urban agglomerations. Based on a retrospective approach, this epidemiological study aims to assess the potential effects of several atmospheric environmental factors on childhood health, with particular emphasis on respiratory diseases and conditions, in a large urban core like Alcalá de Henares during year 2010. Thereby, the effect and potential influence of meteorological (temperature, relative humidity, wind) as well as chemical (SO2, CO, NOx, PM10 and O3) and biotic pollution (pollen and spores) variables on childhood respiratory conditions (0-14 years of age) in the city of Alcalá de Henares were evaluated. Number of visits to hospital emergency services of Hospital Principe de Asturias was used as indicator of clinical response. Many references of similar approaches have been previously reported in the literature, but few examples encompassed such comprehensive and integral approach as in present study...
Child population is considered a high-risk group in terms of vulnerability against the specific environmental factors of the ecosystem where they live, physiological immaturity and critical nature of its physical and psychical growth representing the key issues of such particular behaviour. The incidence of respiratory diseases and conditions has been shown to follow an increasing trend during recent decades as a consequence, among others, of the lessened air quality indicators measured in the atmosphere of many urban agglomerations. Based on a retrospective approach, this epidemiological study aims to assess the potential effects of several atmospheric environmental factors on childhood health, with particular emphasis on respiratory diseases and conditions, in a large urban core like Alcalá de Henares during year 2010. Thereby, the effect and potential influence of meteorological (temperature, relative humidity, wind) as well as chemical (SO2, CO, NOx, PM10 and O3) and biotic pollution (pollen and spores) variables on childhood respiratory conditions (0-14 years of age) in the city of Alcalá de Henares were evaluated. Number of visits to hospital emergency services of Hospital Principe de Asturias was used as indicator of clinical response. Many references of similar approaches have been previously reported in the literature, but few examples encompassed such comprehensive and integral approach as in present study...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatría, leída el 11-07-2017