Publication: El papel de las Ciencias de la Documentación como instrumento de expansión de las lenguas minoritarias en el contexto de las Nuevas Tecnologías
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2017
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Abstract
A lo largo de la Historia, ha habido periodos en los que se ha extendido una lengua como vía de expansión del Conocimiento. Esto se debe a una serie de circunstancias políticas, históricas y sociales que han hecho que se hayan convertido en el instrumento para ello. Las Ciencias de la Documentación no son ajenas a este fenómeno, el cual tiene muchos aspectos positivos, como la posibilidad de compartir conocimiento con personas de distintas partes del mundo y de ofrecer una comunicación normalizada.
Las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Comunicación han dado lugar a una auténtica explosión en las vías de comunicación. Gracias, sobre todo, al fenómeno de Internet, hoy en día podemos contactar a tiempo real con personas de lugares, culturas e idiomas muy distintos, que han ayudado a dar a conocer sociedades e idiomas hasta hace poco delimitadas a su lugar geográfico de origen. Las Ciencias de la Documentación han sido un punto de apoyo imprescindible para este hecho, ya que no sólo se ha tratado del desarrollo de tecnologías adecuadas, sino también de la creación de directrices, iniciativas y marcos teóricos para su adecuación a las necesidades de los usuarios, así como la aparición de perfiles profesionales adecuados. El idioma es tanto un medio de comunicación como una vía para el conocimiento de la sociedad y lugar en el que se ha generado, un reflejo de su Historia y cultura y, sobre todo, parte del Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad, tal y como ha reconocido la UNESCO.
En consecuencia, la utilización de las Nuevas Tecnologías para la expansión del conocimiento de las lenguas minoritarias aporta ventajas como dar voz y expandir el conocimiento de las comunidades hasta ahora delimitadas a su lugar de origen. Teniendo en cuenta el papel de las Ciencias de la Documentación a la hora de ofrecer un apoyo y desarrollo de las Nuevas Tecnologías, se puede concluir que es posible ampliar su potencial para este hecho, aplicando sus aspectos prácticos y teóricos a las necesidades particulares de los idiomas minoritarios. Un ejemplo es su introducción en Sistemas de Recuperación de la Información plurilingües, o crear tesauros, ontologías o sistemas de clasificación documental en dichos idiomas. En definitiva, consiste en introducir los idiomas minoritarios en las Ciencias de la Documentación de cara a su visibilidad y expansión a través de las Nuevas Tecnologías, de manera que su conocimiento se abra al mundo y de que sus hablantes puedan aprovechar sus beneficios.
Throughout history, there have been periods in which a language has been extended as a way of expanding Knowledge. This is due to a series of political, historical and social circumstances that have made it the instrument for this. The Documentation Sciences are not alien to this phenomenon, which has many positive aspects, such as the possibility of sharing knowledge with people from different parts of the world and offering a standardized communication. The New Technologies of Communication have led to an explosion in communication channels. Thanks, above all, to the Internet phenomenon, today we can contact real-time people from very different places, cultures and languages, who have helped to make known societies and languages until recently delimited to their geographical place of origin. The Documentation Sciences have been an essential point of support for this fact, since not only has it dealt with the development of adequate technologies, but also with the creation of guidelines, initiatives and theoretical frameworks to adapt them to the needs of users. , as well as the appearance of suitable professional profiles. The language is both a means of communication and a way to know the society and place where it has been generated, a reflection of its history and culture and, above all, part of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity, just as it has recognized by UNESCO. Consequently, the use of New Technologies for the expansion of knowledge of minority languages brings advantages such as giving voice and expanding the knowledge of the communities so far delimited to their place of origin. Taking into account the role of the Documentation Sciences when offering support and development of the New Technologies, it can be concluded that it is possible to expand its potential for this fact, applying its practical and theoretical aspects to the particular needs of the minority languages. An example is its introduction in multilingual Information Retrieval Systems, or to create thesauri, ontologies or document classification systems in those languages. In short, it consists of introducing minority languages in the Documentation Sciences in order to be visible and expand through New Technologies, so that their knowledge is open to the world and their speakers can take advantage of its benefits.
Throughout history, there have been periods in which a language has been extended as a way of expanding Knowledge. This is due to a series of political, historical and social circumstances that have made it the instrument for this. The Documentation Sciences are not alien to this phenomenon, which has many positive aspects, such as the possibility of sharing knowledge with people from different parts of the world and offering a standardized communication. The New Technologies of Communication have led to an explosion in communication channels. Thanks, above all, to the Internet phenomenon, today we can contact real-time people from very different places, cultures and languages, who have helped to make known societies and languages until recently delimited to their geographical place of origin. The Documentation Sciences have been an essential point of support for this fact, since not only has it dealt with the development of adequate technologies, but also with the creation of guidelines, initiatives and theoretical frameworks to adapt them to the needs of users. , as well as the appearance of suitable professional profiles. The language is both a means of communication and a way to know the society and place where it has been generated, a reflection of its history and culture and, above all, part of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity, just as it has recognized by UNESCO. Consequently, the use of New Technologies for the expansion of knowledge of minority languages brings advantages such as giving voice and expanding the knowledge of the communities so far delimited to their place of origin. Taking into account the role of the Documentation Sciences when offering support and development of the New Technologies, it can be concluded that it is possible to expand its potential for this fact, applying its practical and theoretical aspects to the particular needs of the minority languages. An example is its introduction in multilingual Information Retrieval Systems, or to create thesauri, ontologies or document classification systems in those languages. In short, it consists of introducing minority languages in the Documentation Sciences in order to be visible and expand through New Technologies, so that their knowledge is open to the world and their speakers can take advantage of its benefits.