Publication: Quantum computations on a topologically encoded qubit
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2014-07-18
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Amer Assoc Advancement Science
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Abstract
The construction of a quantum computer remains a fundamental scientific and technological challenge, in particular due to unavoidable noise. Quantum states and operations can be protected from errors using protocols for fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Here we present a step towards this by implementing a quantum error correcting code, encoding one qubit in entangled states distributed over 7 trapped-ion qubits. We demonstrate the capability of the code to detect one bit flip, phase flip or a combined error of both, regardless on which of the qubits they occur. Furthermore, we apply combinations of the entire set of logical single-qubit Clifford gates on the encoded qubit to explore its computational capabilities. The implemented 7-qubit code is the first realization of a complete Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code and constitutes a central building block for FTQC schemes based on concatenated elementary quantum codes. It also represents the smallest fully functional instance of the color code, opening a route towards topological FTQC.
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© The Authors. We gratefully acknowledge support by the Spanish MICINN grant FIS2009-10061, FIS2012-33152, the CAM research consortium QUITEMAD S2009-ESP-1594, the European Commission PICC: FP7 2007-2013, Grant No. 249958, the integrated project SIQS (grant No. 600645), the UCM-BS grant GICC-910758, and by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), through the SFB FoQus (FWF Project No. F4002-N16), as well as the Institut f¨ur Quanteninformation GmbH. This research was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office through grant W911NF14-1-0103.