Publication: Pervivencias foralistas en la descentralización vasca (1975-1978)
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2018-06-22
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es demostrar las pervivencias foralistas en las provincias vasco-navarras en el período cronológico iniciado en julio de 1975 y finalizado en febrero de 1978, entre la etapa final del tardofranquismo y la implementación mediante un decreto-ley de un régimen preautonómico. En la última de esas fechas, poniendo fin a éste trabajo académico, se constituyó el CGPV, el órgano regional de carácter confederal para las tres provincias vascongadas que aglutinaba tal novedosa administración, que no incorporó a Navarra, provincia que mantuvo su propia vía foral. Planteo como hipótesis principal que tal régimen presentaba una serie de continuidades con la descentralización iniciada dos años y tres meses antes. El 7 de noviembre de 1975, aún en vida de Francisco Franco Bahamonde, se creó, mediante un decreto, la Comisión para el estudio de la implantación de un régimen administrativo especial para las provincias de Vizcaya y Guipúzcoa. Tal organismo de estudio fue aprobado en un Consejo de Ministros, que fue presidido por el entonces príncipe de España, Juan Carlos de Borbón y Borbón, jefe de Estado en funciones por la enfermedad del dictador. Se trataba del primer proyecto descentralizador impulsado por el propio Régimen franquista, que había terminado aceptando las numerosas y reiteradas peticiones para ello formuladas por las diputaciones de Guipúzcoa y Vizcaya, controladas por políticos tradicionalistas y otros franquistas, destacando en esta labor el presidente de la primera corporación provincial, Juan María de Araluce Villar, que en su condición de procurador en Cortes logró el 10 de julio anterior que una moción en la que se pedía la abolición del decreto-ley de 1937, presentada en la Comisión de Gobernación del órgano legislativo, mientras aún se discutía la nueva legislación local, fuera remitida al gobierno presidido por Carlos Arias Navarro. Dicha moción pretendía garantizar una dimensión económica a la aspiración de la descentralización administrativa, pretendida por las diputaciones. La fecha del 10 de julio es de hecho el inicio del período cronológico de estudio de este trabajo, con el que pretendo resaltar las continuidades existentes hasta 1978, independientemente de que España al inicio de esa época viviera bajo una dictadura y al final de la misma hubiera dado pasos significativos para ser considerada ya una democracia...
This doctoral thesis aims to highlight the survival and resiliency of the Fuero claims (that is, the insistence that old-time Charter rights should be returned) in the area of the Basque provinces and Navarre, during the period beginning in July, 1975, and finishing in February, 1978. In other words, the two-and-a-half years in the course of which the Franco dictatorship broke down; while at the end of this period, the Spanish government put in place in the Basque Country a pre-autonomy political system, by issuing a specific Decree-Law. The end limit of the period covered by this thesis is marked by the moment when, in February 1978, a very novel institution was sworn in: the regional administration council CGPV, which united the three Basque provinces under this confederal body, but without incorporating the province of Navarre, which maintained its own Charter and separate administration. My basic hypothesis is that this pre-autonomy regime represented a continuity, in several aspects, of a decentralization effort that had begun two years and three months previously. On November 7, 1975, while dictator Franco was still alive, a Decree had been issued which set up a Study Committee on the possible establishment of special administration bodies for the Basque provinces of Vizcaya (i.e., Bilbao) and Guipúzcoa (i.e., San Sebastián). This had been approved at a meeting of the Council of Ministers chaired not by Francisco Franco Bahamonde, but by (the then Prince of Spain) Juan Carlos de Borbón y Borbón, who at that moment was interim Head of State because Franco had become (terminally) ill. This was the first time ever that the Franco government had allowed the repeated petitions in this sense to be taken into account, as had been claimed by the provincial administrations (Diputaciones) of Guipúzcoa and Vizcaya, then ruled by pro-Franco politicians, some of them known as Tradicionalistas (in favor of traditions that would devolve old-time Charter powers to the province). Foremost among them, Juan María de Araluce Villar, chairman of the San Sebastián provincial administration and a member of Franco’s Cortes (a rubber-stamp parliament) where he had succeeded on July 10, 1975, to have the Home Affairs Committee back a declaration to ask the Franco government -then led by Carlos Arias Navarro– to abolish Franco’s Decree-Law of 1937, while discussing new legislation on local administrations. This declaration promoted by Araluce was meant to add economic content to the devolution of administrative powers that the provincial Diputaciones were asking for. In fact, the abovementioned date of July 10, 1975 opens the chronological research period of the present text, in which I want to highlight the continuity of certain features, even though Spain at the beginning of that period was still ruled by a dictator, while at the end sufficiently significant political measures had already been taken to qualify for a democracy...
This doctoral thesis aims to highlight the survival and resiliency of the Fuero claims (that is, the insistence that old-time Charter rights should be returned) in the area of the Basque provinces and Navarre, during the period beginning in July, 1975, and finishing in February, 1978. In other words, the two-and-a-half years in the course of which the Franco dictatorship broke down; while at the end of this period, the Spanish government put in place in the Basque Country a pre-autonomy political system, by issuing a specific Decree-Law. The end limit of the period covered by this thesis is marked by the moment when, in February 1978, a very novel institution was sworn in: the regional administration council CGPV, which united the three Basque provinces under this confederal body, but without incorporating the province of Navarre, which maintained its own Charter and separate administration. My basic hypothesis is that this pre-autonomy regime represented a continuity, in several aspects, of a decentralization effort that had begun two years and three months previously. On November 7, 1975, while dictator Franco was still alive, a Decree had been issued which set up a Study Committee on the possible establishment of special administration bodies for the Basque provinces of Vizcaya (i.e., Bilbao) and Guipúzcoa (i.e., San Sebastián). This had been approved at a meeting of the Council of Ministers chaired not by Francisco Franco Bahamonde, but by (the then Prince of Spain) Juan Carlos de Borbón y Borbón, who at that moment was interim Head of State because Franco had become (terminally) ill. This was the first time ever that the Franco government had allowed the repeated petitions in this sense to be taken into account, as had been claimed by the provincial administrations (Diputaciones) of Guipúzcoa and Vizcaya, then ruled by pro-Franco politicians, some of them known as Tradicionalistas (in favor of traditions that would devolve old-time Charter powers to the province). Foremost among them, Juan María de Araluce Villar, chairman of the San Sebastián provincial administration and a member of Franco’s Cortes (a rubber-stamp parliament) where he had succeeded on July 10, 1975, to have the Home Affairs Committee back a declaration to ask the Franco government -then led by Carlos Arias Navarro– to abolish Franco’s Decree-Law of 1937, while discussing new legislation on local administrations. This declaration promoted by Araluce was meant to add economic content to the devolution of administrative powers that the provincial Diputaciones were asking for. In fact, the abovementioned date of July 10, 1975 opens the chronological research period of the present text, in which I want to highlight the continuity of certain features, even though Spain at the beginning of that period was still ruled by a dictator, while at the end sufficiently significant political measures had already been taken to qualify for a democracy...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia Contemporánea, leída el 09/06/2017