Publication: Identificación y discriminación de microorganismos mediante espectroscopía láser (LIBS) y algoritmos matemáticos
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2018-08-27
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La espectroscopia de ablación láser es una técnica espectroscópica de emisión óptica que consiste en irradiar una parte de la muestra con un pulso láser de alta potencia, formando un plasma en la superficie de la muestra mediante un fenómeno denominado descomposición. El análisis espectroscópico de las emisiones del plasma permite el análisis de la composición elemental de la muestra. La adquisición instantánea de espectros ofrece la posibilidad de obtener información sobre la composición de un material mediante irradiación directa con pulsos láser, tratamiento mínimo de la muestra, simplicidad y versatilidad, análisis en cualquier estado de la materia en diferentes condiciones y distancias ambientales, destrucción mínima de la muestra, flexibilidad en la configuración experimental, portabilidad de la instrumentación y la rentabilidad de los equipos, así como los análisis, debido a que no requieren reactivos, proporcionan una excelente combinación de características de LIBS, lo que lo convierte en una gran herramienta analítica para el análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. Durante las últimas décadas, no solo se ha incrementado el uso de esta técnica en los laboratorios, sino que también ha conducido a su transformación en una técnica portable en el campo. Debido a estas características intrínsecas de la técnica LIBS y a las ventajas que ofrece, los investigadores han estado trabajando continuamente para evaluar la capacidad de esta técnica en nuevos aspectos para su aplicación en diversos campos de la ciencia...
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is an optical emission spectroscopic technique that is based on irradiating a portion of the sample with a short and high power laser pulse, forming the plasma on the samplés surface by a phenomenon called breakdown. The emissions from this plasma are analysed spectroscopically providing a spectrum which allows obtaining the compositional information of the sample. Instant spectra acquisition, possibility to directly irradiate the sample with laser pulses in any state of matter under different ambient conditions and variable distances, minimal sample treatment, simplicity and versatility, minimal or negligible destruction of the sample, flexibilty in experimental configuration, portability of the set-up, and cost-effectiveness of both the equipment and analyses, obviating reagents and cumbersome sample preparation steps, provide an excellent combination of features to LIBS as an analytical tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis for a wide range of samples. Last two decades have seen a rapid increase in the use of this technique in different fields, that has not been restricted only to the laboratory experiments but has led to its maturation and transformation into a field-deployable technique [1-3]. The excellent features and advantages offered by LIBS have motivated the researchers to work continuously evaluating the ability of this technique in newer aspects finding its application in various fields of science. This has resulted using this technique, only limited to material analysis, environmental monitoring and process control during the earlier phase of its use to the study of samples as small as bacteria, fungi and animal tissues...
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is an optical emission spectroscopic technique that is based on irradiating a portion of the sample with a short and high power laser pulse, forming the plasma on the samplés surface by a phenomenon called breakdown. The emissions from this plasma are analysed spectroscopically providing a spectrum which allows obtaining the compositional information of the sample. Instant spectra acquisition, possibility to directly irradiate the sample with laser pulses in any state of matter under different ambient conditions and variable distances, minimal sample treatment, simplicity and versatility, minimal or negligible destruction of the sample, flexibilty in experimental configuration, portability of the set-up, and cost-effectiveness of both the equipment and analyses, obviating reagents and cumbersome sample preparation steps, provide an excellent combination of features to LIBS as an analytical tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis for a wide range of samples. Last two decades have seen a rapid increase in the use of this technique in different fields, that has not been restricted only to the laboratory experiments but has led to its maturation and transformation into a field-deployable technique [1-3]. The excellent features and advantages offered by LIBS have motivated the researchers to work continuously evaluating the ability of this technique in newer aspects finding its application in various fields of science. This has resulted using this technique, only limited to material analysis, environmental monitoring and process control during the earlier phase of its use to the study of samples as small as bacteria, fungi and animal tissues...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Analítica, leída el 05-04-2017