Publication: ¿Importa el género? adaptaciones y resistencias a la representación de las mujeres en los partidos políticos peruanos (1995-2015)
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2018-10-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En este trabajo, de carácter descriptivo y que se inserta en una tradición cualitativa de investigación centrada en los estudios de caso, se abordó como principal interrogante cuál había sido la evolución de la representación política de las mujeres en los partidos políticos y cómo se habían producido los cambios o eventuales resistencias en relación a dicha representación en un contexto nacional de aprobación legal de acciones afirmativas como el que presenta el caso peruano en el cual -a partir de la segunda mitad de la década de los noventa- se reguló progresivamente este tipo de medidas para incluir un porcentaje mínimo de mujeres en candidaturas a cargos de elección popular y,posteriormente, a cargos de dirigencia partidista como una forma de garantizar su representación por parte de dichas organizaciones.Un contexto político-institucional en el cual se ha presentado un estímulo externo parael cambio que obligó a los partidos a adaptarse en el marco de un sistema político de extrema fragilidad institucional con un sistema partidista y organizaciones políticas con una baja institucionalidad y caracterizado, además, por la existencia de una crisis de representación política que ha determinado la inexistencia de vínculos programáticos entre dichas organizaciones y la ciudadanía. Es en ese contexto que se analizó la existencia de eventuales cambios - incluyendo aquellos derivados de dicho mandato legal y también los provenientes de una voluntad partidista propia- entendiendo dicho fenómeno no como algo uniforme o unidireccional sino como el resultado de la interacción entre propuestas de innovación y resistencias a dichas propuestas que, a su vez, pueden generar alteraciones en los cambios propuestos originalmente o impedir su implementación...
This paper, a descriptive study that follows a qualitative research tradition based on casestudies, examines the development of women's political representation in politicalparties and changes in or resistances to that representation in a national context of legalapproval of affirmative action, as in Peru, which -since the second half of the 1990sgraduallyregulated such measures to include a minimum percentage of womencandidates on lists for popular election and, later, in party leadership positions, as a wayof ensuring their representation by these organizations.The political-institutional context has included an external stimulus for change, whichforced parties to adapt within the framework of a political system marked by extremeinstitutional fragility, with a party system and political organizations that have littleinstitutional stability, characterized by a crisis of political representation that has led toa lack of programmatic bonds between these organizations and citizens. It is in thiscontext that changes, both those stemming from the legal mandate and those related toparties' willingness to change, were analyzed. This phenomenon is understood not as auniform or one-way process, but as the result of interaction between proposals forinnovation and resistances to those proposals, which can in turn modify the changesoriginally proposed or impede their implementation...
This paper, a descriptive study that follows a qualitative research tradition based on casestudies, examines the development of women's political representation in politicalparties and changes in or resistances to that representation in a national context of legalapproval of affirmative action, as in Peru, which -since the second half of the 1990sgraduallyregulated such measures to include a minimum percentage of womencandidates on lists for popular election and, later, in party leadership positions, as a wayof ensuring their representation by these organizations.The political-institutional context has included an external stimulus for change, whichforced parties to adapt within the framework of a political system marked by extremeinstitutional fragility, with a party system and political organizations that have littleinstitutional stability, characterized by a crisis of political representation that has led toa lack of programmatic bonds between these organizations and citizens. It is in thiscontext that changes, both those stemming from the legal mandate and those related toparties' willingness to change, were analyzed. This phenomenon is understood not as auniform or one-way process, but as the result of interaction between proposals forinnovation and resistances to those proposals, which can in turn modify the changesoriginally proposed or impede their implementation...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 24-04-2017