Publication: Caracterización microestructural y propiedades mecánicas de materiales dentales utilizados para sistemas CAD/CAM
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2018-10-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En la actualidad, los protocolos de rehabilitación oral se fundamentan en la preservación del tejido remanente y la emulación de los tejidos a rehabilitar. Es posible realizar restauraciones indirectas en la misma sesión en el consultorio dental mediante el diseño asistido por ordenador y la fabricación asistida por ordenador (CAD / CAM). Debido al gran número y variedad de los materiales disponibles para sistemas CAD /CAM, es un desafío para el dentista elegir el material más apropiado para cada caso clínico, considerando las condiciones funcionales, estéticas y biomecánicas de cada paciente. Dentro de los sistemas CAD/CAM en odontología, se distinguen aquellos especialmente diseñados para su uso en un laboratorio de prótesis y los sistemas para uso clínico. Periódicamente, hay nuevos y diferentes materiales para sistemas CAD/CAM disponibles en el mercado que requieren investigaciones clínicas y de laboratorio para evaluar sus propiedades. Debido al corto tiempo de existencia y servicio de estos materiales, la evidencia científica disponible es escasa. Por lo tanto, es necesario conocer las propiedades mecánicas y microestructurales de los materiales CAD/CAM. Objetivos: El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue analizar el comportamiento mecánico y la microestructura de ocho sólidos dentales materiales distribuidos en forma de bloques cuadrangulares de diferentes tamaños para su uso en diferentes sistemas de mecanizado por fresado de laboratorio clínico y dental. También se estudió la evolución de su comportamiento mecánico después de un mes en inmersión en saliva. Este objetivo general se proyectó en los siguientes objetivos específicos: 1) Identificar la microestructura de ocho materiales CAD / CAM dentales. 2) Determinar los valores de resistencia a la flexión, dureza, módulo de elasticidad y tenacidad a la fractura de ocho materiales CAD / CAM. 3) Comparar los resultados obtenidos para cada material y variable previamente expuestos determinando si existieron diferencias de comportamiento entre ellos. 4) Analizar si los valores obtenidos estuvieron asociados a las características de composición del mismo entendido como el grupo de composición química básica (cerámica o plástico) al que pertenecen. 5) Evaluar el efecto de la saliva sobre los materiales estudiados y la evolución de su comportamiento...
Currently, oral rehabilitation protocols tend to replace missing tooth structure based on the preservation of the remaining tissue and the rehabilitation of the tissues that best resemble natural teeth. In general, due to the extension of the lesion or the old restorations, the residual adamantine and dentinal tissues may become weak and unsupported. Thus, prosthetic restoration aims to recover esthetically and functionally the physical, mechanical, and optical characteristics of hard and soft tissues. It is possible to perform indirect one day restorations in the dental office using computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Within dentistry CAD/CAM systems, we can distinguish those specially designed for use in a specialized prosthesis laboratory, and the systems for clinical use. Following this trend, new technologies have been incorporated in the field of oral rehabilitation. Periodically, new, and different CAD/CAM materials are available in the market that need clinical and laboratory investigations to evaluate their properties and to make the proper decisions about their use. Due to the short time of existence and service of these materials, the available scientific evidence is scarce. A comprehensive study covering the various materials used for chairside systems is necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to know the mechanical and microstructural properties of the materials to understand their effective behavior. Aims: The main aim of this research was to evaluate the mechanical behavior and microstructure of eight solid dental materials dispensed in blocks of different sizes for use in CAD/CAM systems. This study had the following specific aims: 1) To find the microstructure of eight dental CAD/CAM materials. 2) To find the values of flexural strength, hardness, modulus of elasticity and fracture toughness of eight CAD/CAM materials. 3) To compare the results obtained for each material and variable previously exposed deciding if there are differences of behavior between them. 4) To evaluate if the values obtained were related to the composition or to the microstructure of the materials. 5) To assess the effect of the saliva on the studied materials. 6) To make possible clinical recommendations according to the obtained results...
Currently, oral rehabilitation protocols tend to replace missing tooth structure based on the preservation of the remaining tissue and the rehabilitation of the tissues that best resemble natural teeth. In general, due to the extension of the lesion or the old restorations, the residual adamantine and dentinal tissues may become weak and unsupported. Thus, prosthetic restoration aims to recover esthetically and functionally the physical, mechanical, and optical characteristics of hard and soft tissues. It is possible to perform indirect one day restorations in the dental office using computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Within dentistry CAD/CAM systems, we can distinguish those specially designed for use in a specialized prosthesis laboratory, and the systems for clinical use. Following this trend, new technologies have been incorporated in the field of oral rehabilitation. Periodically, new, and different CAD/CAM materials are available in the market that need clinical and laboratory investigations to evaluate their properties and to make the proper decisions about their use. Due to the short time of existence and service of these materials, the available scientific evidence is scarce. A comprehensive study covering the various materials used for chairside systems is necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to know the mechanical and microstructural properties of the materials to understand their effective behavior. Aims: The main aim of this research was to evaluate the mechanical behavior and microstructure of eight solid dental materials dispensed in blocks of different sizes for use in CAD/CAM systems. This study had the following specific aims: 1) To find the microstructure of eight dental CAD/CAM materials. 2) To find the values of flexural strength, hardness, modulus of elasticity and fracture toughness of eight CAD/CAM materials. 3) To compare the results obtained for each material and variable previously exposed deciding if there are differences of behavior between them. 4) To evaluate if the values obtained were related to the composition or to the microstructure of the materials. 5) To assess the effect of the saliva on the studied materials. 6) To make possible clinical recommendations according to the obtained results...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid de la Facultad de Odontología del Departamento de Estomatología I (Prótesis Bucofacial ), leída el 27 de Noviembre de 2017.