Publication: Estudio de retención hidrogénica e impurezas en litio líquido y tungsteno como materiales para un reactor de fusión mediante técnicas glow discharge y láser
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2018-11-05
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La energía de fusión es un proceso perfectamente viable desde el punto de vista científico. El Sol y las demás estrellas del universo actúan como “reactores de fusión” que funcionan adecuadamente día tras día. Un ejemplo de ello lo tenemos en nuestro Sol cuya superficie emite una enorme cantidad de radiación (~4.5∙1020 W), consumiendo para ello unas 5 toneladas de hidrógeno cada segundo. Sin embargo la reproducción de este proceso en nuestro planeta a través de dispositivos controlados de fusión magnética que puedan producir electricidad resulta extremadamente complicada debido a desafíos tecnológicos muy importantes. Entre ellos, la selección de materiales en contacto con el plasma, capaces de extraer la potencia generada y resistir bajo las extremas condiciones esperadas en el interior de estos reactores, es uno de los asuntos más críticos a resolver. El tungsteno y el litio líquido están entre los candidatos mejor considerados para conseguir este objetivo. Esta tesis explora la utilización de estos elementos para conformar estos componentes, enfatizando en dos importantes problemas derivados de su uso: la formación de amoníaco (tritiado) durante las descargas con “seeding” de N2 y la potencial absorción hidrogénica (tritio) en capas híbridas litio líquido-tungsteno...
Fusion energy is a perfectly feasible process from the scientific point of view. The Sun and the rest of stars act as "fusion reactors" that work properly day by day. A clear example can be found in the Sun, whose surface emits a huge radiation power (~4.5∙1020 W), employing for this purpose a hydrogen amount of 5 tons per second approximately. However, the reproduction of this process in our planet by means of magnetic controlled fusion devices that could produce electric power results extremely complicated due to very important technological challenges. Among them, the selection of the materials in contact with the plasma, able to extract the generated power and resist under the extreme conditions expected in such reactors, is one of the most critical issues to solve. Tungsten and liquid lithium are among the candidates better considered to develop this purpose. This thesis explores the utilization of these elements to conform the “plasma facing components”, emphasizing in two important problems derived of their use: the formation of (tritiated) ammonia during N2 seeded discharges and the potential hydrogenic (tritium) uptake in tungsten-liquid lithium mixed layers...
Fusion energy is a perfectly feasible process from the scientific point of view. The Sun and the rest of stars act as "fusion reactors" that work properly day by day. A clear example can be found in the Sun, whose surface emits a huge radiation power (~4.5∙1020 W), employing for this purpose a hydrogen amount of 5 tons per second approximately. However, the reproduction of this process in our planet by means of magnetic controlled fusion devices that could produce electric power results extremely complicated due to very important technological challenges. Among them, the selection of the materials in contact with the plasma, able to extract the generated power and resist under the extreme conditions expected in such reactors, is one of the most critical issues to solve. Tungsten and liquid lithium are among the candidates better considered to develop this purpose. This thesis explores the utilization of these elements to conform the “plasma facing components”, emphasizing in two important problems derived of their use: the formation of (tritiated) ammonia during N2 seeded discharges and the potential hydrogenic (tritium) uptake in tungsten-liquid lithium mixed layers...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, leída el 12-01-2018