Publication: Uso de los cannabinoides en el tratamiento del glaucoma
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2016-06
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Abstract
Desde el siglo XIII d.C. el cannabis se ha usado como analgésico, antiemético y anticonvulsionante. Aunque en el siglo XX entró en desuso, ahora en el siglo XXI se han reanudado los ensayos con cannabinoides, pudiéndose administrar vía intravenosa, oral o inhalada, tratándose con ello enfermedades como la espasticidad muscular, alteraciones del movimiento, lesiones medulares y como broncodilatador en pacientes con asma. Debido a la aparición de importantes efectos adversos como hipotensión y taquicardias en los pacientes del ensayo, su uso intravenoso e inhalado ha debido ser sustituido por un uso tópico, siendo la razón de comenzar nuevos estudios en un gran número de pacientes. En este trabajo hablamos principalmente del uso del cannabis como tratamiento alternativo del glaucoma. La acción terapéutica del cannabis puede darse gracias a los receptores CB1 situados en el sistema vascular de la retina, que desencadenan una cascada de reacciones que aumentan la excreción de humor acuoso por la vía uvero-escleral. Su uso todavía no se ha podido certificar del todo, puesto que hace falta realizar más estudios con un alto número de pacientes, pero se espera obtener resultados gratificantes en los próximos años.
From the thirteenth century d.C. cannabis has been used as an analgesic, antiemetic and anticonvulsant. Although in the twentieth century it fell into disuse, now in the XXI century have resumed trials with cannabinoids, being able to be administered intravenously, orally or inhaled, the case thus you diseases such as muscle spasticity, movement disorders, spinal cord injuries and as a bronchodilator in patients with asthma. Due to the emergence of significant adverse effects such as hypotension and tachycardia in patients in the trial, inhaled and intravenous use had to be replaced by a topical, being the reason for starting new studies in a large number of patients. In this paper we speak mainly of cannabis use topically as an alternative treatment of glaucoma. The therapeutic action may be cannabis CB1 through receptors located in the vascular system of the retina, which trigger a cascade of reactions that increase the excretion of aqueous humor by the uvero-escleral pathway. Its use has not yet been able to certify at all, since it takes more studies with large numbers of patients, but rewarding results are expected in the coming years.
From the thirteenth century d.C. cannabis has been used as an analgesic, antiemetic and anticonvulsant. Although in the twentieth century it fell into disuse, now in the XXI century have resumed trials with cannabinoids, being able to be administered intravenously, orally or inhaled, the case thus you diseases such as muscle spasticity, movement disorders, spinal cord injuries and as a bronchodilator in patients with asthma. Due to the emergence of significant adverse effects such as hypotension and tachycardia in patients in the trial, inhaled and intravenous use had to be replaced by a topical, being the reason for starting new studies in a large number of patients. In this paper we speak mainly of cannabis use topically as an alternative treatment of glaucoma. The therapeutic action may be cannabis CB1 through receptors located in the vascular system of the retina, which trigger a cascade of reactions that increase the excretion of aqueous humor by the uvero-escleral pathway. Its use has not yet been able to certify at all, since it takes more studies with large numbers of patients, but rewarding results are expected in the coming years.