Publication: Neurotoxicidad inducida por deltametrín sobre el metabolismo aminoacidérgico
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2018-11-19
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los piretroides son insecticidas sintéticos empleados en variedad de aplicaciones. El deltametrín es un insecticida piretroide Tipo II de amplio espectro, muy utilizado tanto en agricultura como en el control de vectores en salud pública y animal,incorporándose incluso en aerosoles de uso doméstico. La mayoría de los piretroides se presentan como al menos dos isómeros, pero el deltametrín se comercializa como un único isómero (cis). El sistema nervioso es su principal sitio de acción, debido principalmente a su efecto sobre los canales de sodio voltaje dependientes, así como sobre los canales de calcio y a su interacción con el complejo receptor GABA-ionóforo del cloro. Aunque inicialmente se consideró un insecticida de baja toxicidad en mamíferos, diversos estudios han demostrado que es neurotóxico en roedores y en otras especies animales, causando en ratas el Síndrome CS que se caracteriza por salivación,ataxia, convulsiones y parálisis. Existe información limitada sobre los efectos del deltametrín a nivel de los aminoácidos neurotransmisores y las catecolaminas en el sistema nervioso central (SNC). El objetivo del presente trabajo es obtener nueva información sobre los mecanismos de neurotoxicidad de los piretroides Tipo II como el deltametrín, estudiando en el SNC de ratas: i) sus efectos sobre las concentraciones delos aminoácidos neurotransmisores aspartato, glutamato, glutamina, taurina y GABA, yii) sus efectos sobre los niveles de las aminas biógenas noradrenalina (NA), dopamina(DA) y serotonina (5-HT), y de los metabolitos de las dos últimas (DOPAC, HVA y 5-HIAA). Las regiones cerebrales estudiadas fueron hipófisis, hipotálamo, cerebelo, bulbo raquídeo, corteza frontal, hipocampo, cuerpo estriado y mesencéfalo...
Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides used in a variety of applications. Deltamethrin is a broad-spectrum Type II pyrethroid insecticide, largely used in agriculture and as a vector control in public and animal health, added even in household spray formulations. Most pyrethroids exist as at least two isomers, unlike deltamethrin is marketed as a single isomer (cis). The nervous system is its main target, mainly dueto its effect on voltage sensitive sodium channels, as well as on calcium channels and toits interaction with the GABA receptor-ionophore complex. Although it was initially considered to have a low toxicity in mammals, several reports demonstrated deltamethrin induces neurotoxicity in rodents and other animals, causing in rats the CS Syndrome, characterized by salivation, ataxia, hyperexcitation, convulsions, and paralysis. There is limited information about the effects of deltamethrin on the levels of amino acid neurotransmitters and catecholamines in the central nervous system (CNS).The objective of the present study is to obtain new information on the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of Type II pyrethroids as deltamethrin, studying in the CNS of rats: i) its effects on the concentrations of the amino acid neurotransmitters aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, taurine and GABA, and ii) its effects on the levels of the monoaminesnoradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and serotonine (5-HT), and on the metabolites of the two last ones (DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA). The brain regions studied were pituitary gland, hypothalamus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, frontal cortex,hippocampus, striatum and midbrain...
Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides used in a variety of applications. Deltamethrin is a broad-spectrum Type II pyrethroid insecticide, largely used in agriculture and as a vector control in public and animal health, added even in household spray formulations. Most pyrethroids exist as at least two isomers, unlike deltamethrin is marketed as a single isomer (cis). The nervous system is its main target, mainly dueto its effect on voltage sensitive sodium channels, as well as on calcium channels and toits interaction with the GABA receptor-ionophore complex. Although it was initially considered to have a low toxicity in mammals, several reports demonstrated deltamethrin induces neurotoxicity in rodents and other animals, causing in rats the CS Syndrome, characterized by salivation, ataxia, hyperexcitation, convulsions, and paralysis. There is limited information about the effects of deltamethrin on the levels of amino acid neurotransmitters and catecholamines in the central nervous system (CNS).The objective of the present study is to obtain new information on the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of Type II pyrethroids as deltamethrin, studying in the CNS of rats: i) its effects on the concentrations of the amino acid neurotransmitters aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, taurine and GABA, and ii) its effects on the levels of the monoaminesnoradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and serotonine (5-HT), and on the metabolites of the two last ones (DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA). The brain regions studied were pituitary gland, hypothalamus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, frontal cortex,hippocampus, striatum and midbrain...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, leída el 12/06/2017