Publication: Administración de sustancias activas por vía tópica ocular: Principales problemas y cómo la tecnología farmacéutica logra solventarlos
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2016-06
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Abstract
La administración de fármacos en la superficie ocular supone una alternativa terapéutica muy interesante para el tratamiento de patologías oculares. Pero esta vía, debido a sus características anatómicas y fisiológicas goza de muy baja biodisponibilidad. En el siguiente trabajo de revisión bibliográfica se pretende entender y comprender las razones de esta baja biodisponibilidad: lágrimas, conjuntiva, esclerótica, cornea… Una vez comprendidas se comentan las soluciones que la tecnología farmacéutica está aportando para solventar dichos problemas. Entre estas soluciones se exponen promotores de absorción, estrategias de retención, sistemas coloidales, iontoforesis e insertos oculares. Finalmente se explica cómo a pesar de todos los avances logrados todavía queda mucho camino por recorrer para que la administración de fármacos por vía tópica ocular sea eficaz y efectiva.
Drug delivery on the ocular surface is a great choice for the treatment of eye diseases. However, due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the eye the bioavailability is very low. In the following paper we will try to recognise the reason behind this low bioavailability: tears, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea… Once we understand this, we will try to find plausible solutions using new approaches and new delivery systems. We discuss pro-drug strategies, penetration enhancers, polymeric gels, colloidal systems, inserts and iontophoresis. Finally, it is clear to see how, even though all the recent advances, it is still needed new ophthalmic drug delivery systems in order to improve efficacy.
Drug delivery on the ocular surface is a great choice for the treatment of eye diseases. However, due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the eye the bioavailability is very low. In the following paper we will try to recognise the reason behind this low bioavailability: tears, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea… Once we understand this, we will try to find plausible solutions using new approaches and new delivery systems. We discuss pro-drug strategies, penetration enhancers, polymeric gels, colloidal systems, inserts and iontophoresis. Finally, it is clear to see how, even though all the recent advances, it is still needed new ophthalmic drug delivery systems in order to improve efficacy.